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Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

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A functional form for a representative individual arterial input function measured from a population using high

Leonidas Georgiou^1,2, Daniel J Wilson³, Nisha Sharma⁴

¹Biomedical Imaging, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

|September 27, 2018

Summary

Arterial input function (AIF) can be measured reliably in individual patients. However, significant interpatient variability necessitates population-specific AIFs for accurate tracer kinetic analysis in comparative studies.

Keywords:

DCE-MRI arterial input function breast cancer cardiac output high temporal resolution reproducibility

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Radiology
Pharmacokinetics

Background:

Accurate tracer kinetic analysis relies on precise measurement of the arterial input function (AIF).
Understanding AIF variability is crucial for interpreting dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) imaging studies, particularly in patient populations undergoing treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To measure the arterial input function (AIF) in breast cancer patients using optimized DCE imaging.
To quantify inter- and intrapatient variability of the AIF.
To develop a representative AIF for simulation studies.

Main Methods:

Analyzed 97 T1-weighted DCE studies from 39 female breast cancer patients before and during neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Estimated AIF parameters, including area under the curve and cardiac output, from first-pass peaks.
Assessed inter- and intrapatient variability of the AIF.

Main Results:

Interpatient variability of the AIF was greater than intrapatient variability.
Cardiac output remained stable (mean 5.6 ± 1.1 L/min) across MR visits.
Baseline blood T1 increased significantly after chemotherapy initiation, correlating with decreased hematocrit.

Conclusions:

Individual AIF measurement is reproducible, but interpatient variability impacts tracer kinetic analysis precision.
A population-representative AIF is presented, maintaining characteristics of individually measured AIFs for improved simulation accuracy.