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Related Concept Videos

Chirality02:25

Chirality

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Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Chirality in Nature02:30

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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur02:30

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Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
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Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
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Dimensional analysis, also known as the factor label method, is a versatile approach for mathematical operations. The main principle behind this approach is: the units of quantities must be subjected to the same mathematical operations as their associated numbers. This method can be applied to computations ranging from simple unit conversions to more complex and multi-step calculations involving several different quantities and their units.
Conversion Factors and Dimensional Analysis
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Dimensional Analysis01:27

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Dimensional analysis is a valuable technique in fluid mechanics for simplifying complex problems by reducing them into dimensionless groups. These groups capture the essential relationships between the variables involved, allowing researchers and engineers to analyze fluid flow without dealing with each variable individually. This approach reduces the number of independent variables, allowing for easier analysis and better understanding of physical phenomena.
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Assembly of Gold Nanorods into Chiral Plasmonic Metamolecules Using DNA Origami Templates
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Nanoimprinted Chiral Plasmonic Substrates with Three-Dimensional Nanostructures.

Mingliang Zhang, Victor Pacheco-Peña, Yao Yu

  • 1Center for Functional Nanomaterials , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States.

Nano Letters
|September 27, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a scalable method for fabricating large-area chiral substrates with 3D nanostructures. This technique enables the creation of L-shaped nanostructures exhibiting giant optical chirality, promising for chiral metamaterials.

Keywords:
Chiral substrateglancing angle depositionnanoimprinting lithographyplasmonics

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Optics

Background:

  • Chiral metamaterials offer unique optical properties but require advanced fabrication techniques.
  • Scalable and precise manufacturing of complex 3D nanostructures remains a challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-throughput method for fabricating large-area chiral substrates with 3D nanostructures.
  • To demonstrate the generation of giant optical chirality in fabricated nanostructures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a combination of nanoimprint lithography and glancing angle deposition.
  • Fabricated various 3D nanostructures, including L-shaped, twisted arc, and trilayer twisted Au nanorods.
  • Characterized optical chirality using the g-factor and employed electromagnetic simulations.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated diverse 3D chiral nanostructures over large areas.
  • L-shaped nanostructures exhibited giant optical chirality in the infrared region (g-factor up to 0.38).
  • Demonstrated scalability with a 1 cm² chiral substrate possessing uniform chiral optical properties.

Conclusions:

  • The developed method offers high throughput and precise geometrical control for fabricating chiral metamaterials.
  • The ability to create large-area chiral substrates with giant optical chirality opens avenues for advanced optical applications.
  • Plasmon hybridization in orthogonal nanorod segments is identified as the source of optical chirality.