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[Preparative isolation of myxovirus glycoproteins and the study of their immunogenic properties]
Abstract:
Preparative isolation of glycoproteins from ortho- and paramyxoviruses is described. The purified concentrated virus has been treated with nonionic detergent MESK with subsequent removal of viral cores by centrifugation. Supernatant was sterilized by filtration through the nuclear filters and cleared from detergent by dialysis. Glycoproteins obtained have not contained contaminating cellular or core viral proteins or viral shell lipids. In the absence of detergent, glycoproteins have formed the peculiar mycelial complexes. Biological activity of glycoproteins was kept at high level. Glycoproteins output at isolation from different strains of influenza viruses A, B and Sendai virus varied from 75 to 98%. Immunogenetic study of the preparations obtained has demonstrated their capability to stimulate the formation of antibodies against both viral glycoproteins comparable with the capability of intact virus. The obtained level of immunity was enough to protect organism against homologous infection. Samples of glycoproteins obtained are up to standards for subunit vaccines, and the technique of their preparation is perspective as far as the production of vaccine preparations is concerned.
Insights
This study details a method for isolating viral glycoproteins, crucial components for subunit vaccines. The process yields highly pure glycoproteins that effectively stimulate an immune response, protecting against infection.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Biochemistry
Context:
- Ortho- and paramyxoviruses are significant viral families.
- Developing effective subunit vaccines requires pure viral components.
- Current isolation methods may yield impure glycoprotein preparations.
Purpose:
- To describe a method for the preparative isolation of pure glycoproteins from ortho- and paramyxoviruses.
- To evaluate the biological activity and immunogenicity of the isolated glycoproteins.
- To assess the suitability of the isolated glycoproteins for subunit vaccine production.
Summary:
- A novel technique using nonionic detergent (MESK) and filtration was employed to isolate glycoproteins from concentrated viruses.
- The isolated glycoproteins were free of contaminating cellular or viral proteins and lipids.
- The glycoproteins retained high biological activity, forming unique complexes in the absence of detergent.
- Isolation yields ranged from 75-98% for various influenza virus strains and Sendai virus.
- Immunogenetic studies confirmed the glycoproteins' ability to elicit antibody formation and protect against homologous infection, comparable to intact viruses.
Impact:
- The described method provides a high-yield, efficient way to obtain pure viral glycoproteins.
- The isolated glycoproteins meet standards for subunit vaccine development.
- This technique shows promise for the future production of safe and effective viral vaccines.