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Antimicrobial Resistance Distribution Differs Among Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type (ST) 5

Samantha J Hau1, Jisun S Haan2, Peter R Davies3

  • 1Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.

Frontiers in Microbiology
|September 28, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) ST5 isolates show distinct antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles and genetic determinants compared to human clinical MRSA ST5. This suggests separate reservoirs for AMR in swine and human populations.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Public Health
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health threat, with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) being a significant pathogen.
  • The emergence of livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA) raises concerns about its role as a reservoir for AMR determinants and potential transmission to humans.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare swine-associated LA-MRSA ST5 and human clinical MRSA ST5 isolates.
  • To identify differences in phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibilities and genotypic AMR determinants between these two MRSA ST5 subgroups.

Main Methods:

  • Phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing using broth microdilution.
  • Whole genome sequencing and comparative genomic analysis to identify AMR genes and elements.

Main Results:

  • Swine-associated LA-MRSA ST5 isolates displayed resistance to fewer antibiotics than human clinical MRSA ST5 isolates.
  • Distinct sets of AMR genetic elements were identified in each MRSA ST5 subgroup, with minimal overlap.
  • Genomic analysis revealed unique AMR determinants specific to either swine-associated or human clinical MRSA ST5 isolates.

Conclusions:

  • Phenotypic antimicrobial resistance and genotypic AMR determinants are separate and distinct between swine-associated LA-MRSA ST5 and human clinical MRSA ST5.
  • This distinctness suggests independent evolution and maintenance of AMR within these respective reservoirs.
  • Understanding these differences is crucial for targeted public health interventions and surveillance strategies to combat MRSA spread.
Keywords:
LA-MRSAStaphylococcus aureusagricultureantimicrobial resistancemobile genetic elementsswine

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