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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools
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Published on: December 28, 2021

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Molecular markers in bladder cancer.

Francesco Soria1,2, Laura-Maria Krabbe3, Tilman Todenhöfer4

  • 1Department of Urology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna General Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.

World Journal of Urology
|September 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Molecular markers show promise for bladder cancer diagnosis, risk stratification, and treatment targeting. However, widespread clinical use is limited by the need for more high-quality prospective trials to establish robust evidence.

Keywords:
Bladder cancerBlood biomarkersGuidelinesTissue biomarkersUrinary biomarkers

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Biomarker Research
  • Urological Cancers

Background:

  • Molecular markers in urine, tissue, or blood offer potential for advancing bladder cancer understanding.
  • These markers could aid in early disease detection, patient risk stratification, outcome prediction, and targeted therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current literature on molecular markers in bladder cancer.
  • To assess the potential and current utilization of biomarkers in clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted.
  • No time restrictions were imposed on the search.

Main Results:

  • Despite extensive research and some approved urinary biomarkers, widespread clinical adoption is hindered by insufficient evidence.
  • Biomarkers show potential in various scenarios: early detection, surveillance adjuncts, prognostication (recurrence, progression, survival), and predicting treatment response.

Conclusions:

  • The current evidence level for molecular biomarkers in bladder cancer remains low due to a lack of high-quality prospective trials.
  • The clinical utility of these promising biomarkers currently exceeds their established evidence base.