Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Friedman Two-way Analysis of Variance by Ranks01:21

Friedman Two-way Analysis of Variance by Ranks

508
Friedman's Two-Way Analysis of Variance by Ranks is a nonparametric test designed to identify differences across multiple test attempts when traditional assumptions of normality and equal variances do not apply. Unlike conventional ANOVA, which requires normally distributed data with equal variances, Friedman's test is ideal for ordinal or non-normally distributed data, making it particularly useful for analyzing dependent samples, such as matched subjects over time or repeated measures...
508
Variance01:15

Variance

12.3K
The deviations show how spread out the data are about the mean. A positive deviation occurs when the data value exceeds the mean, whereas a negative deviation occurs when the data value is less than the mean. If the deviations are added, the sum is always zero. So one cannot simply add the deviations to get the data spread. By squaring the deviations, the numbers are made positive; thus, their sum will also be positive.
The standard deviation measures the spread in the same units as the data....
12.3K
Generalized Hooke's Law01:22

Generalized Hooke's Law

2.7K
The generalized Hooke's Law is a broadened version of Hooke's Law, which extends to all types of stress and in every direction. Consider an isotropic material shaped into a cube subjected to multiaxial loading. In this scenario, normal stresses are exerted along the three coordinate axes. As a result of these stresses, the cubic shape deforms into a rectangular parallelepiped. Despite this deformation, the new shape maintains equal sides, and there is a normal strain in the direction of the...
2.7K
Generalized Anxiety Disorder01:30

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

715
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...
715
Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other01:20

Social Foundations of Self II: The Generalized Other

263
According to George Herbert Mead, as children progress beyond the game stage, they develop a more comprehensive understanding of societal rules and norms. This cognitive and social development enables them to internalize the expectations of the broader community, refining their ability to regulate behavior.Consistent participation in organized activities is crucial in helping children recognize that their actions are not isolated but contribute to a more significant, interconnected group...
263
Generalization, Discrimination, and Extinction01:24

Generalization, Discrimination, and Extinction

1.4K
Generalization, discrimination, and extinction are key concepts in operant conditioning that influence how behaviors are learned and maintained.
Generalization occurs when a behavior reinforced in one context is performed in similar situations. For instance, a student who studies diligently for calculus and receives excellent grades might apply the same study habits to psychology and history, expecting similar results. Generalization shows how learning in one setting can influence behavior in...
1.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Methods and reagent-lot comparisons by regression analysis: Sample size considerations.

Annals of clinical biochemistry·2024
Same author

Negative values and variance functions: Implications for statistical analysis.

Annals of clinical biochemistry·2020
Same author

Differing uncertainties and Bland-Altman plots: An observation.

Annals of clinical biochemistry·2019
Same author

Methods comparison biases due to differing uncertainties and data censoring.

Annals of clinical biochemistry·2019
Same author

Variance functions, detectability and bias: a re-evaluation.

Annals of clinical biochemistry·2016
Same author

Using the variance function to estimate limit of blank, limit of detection and their confidence intervals.

Annals of clinical biochemistry·2015
Same journal

Routine laboratory triage for NT-proBNP elevation may reflect cardiorenal frailty as much as heart failure specificity.

Annals of clinical biochemistry·2026
Same journal

From interpretable NT-proBNP prediction to equitable laboratory stewardship.

Annals of clinical biochemistry·2026
Same journal

Serum Sclerostin Levels in Children with Osteogenesis Imperfecta.

Annals of clinical biochemistry·2026
Same journal

Population-Specific HOMA-IR Reference Ranges in Iraq: Defining Insulin Sensitivity in a Middle Eastern Cohort.

Annals of clinical biochemistry·2026
Same journal

Optimizing Laboratory Quality with Sigma Metrics: Application of CLIA 2024 Total Allowable Error Guidelines.

Annals of clinical biochemistry·2026
Same journal

Suspected thermal amplitude of cryoglobulin likely more clinically significant than size detected: A case report.

Annals of clinical biochemistry·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction PPI Analysis of Memory Related Connectivity in Individuals at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease
09:38

Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction PPI Analysis of Memory Related Connectivity in Individuals at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: November 14, 2017

15.7K

Using the variance function to generalize Bland-Altman analysis.

William A Sadler1

  • 1Retired, formerly at: Nuclear Medicine Department, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand.

Annals of Clinical Biochemistry
|September 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a variance function to transform analytical data, improving Bland-Altman analysis for agreement between methods, especially near detection limits. The method ensures reliable agreement assessment across all measurement ranges.

Keywords:
BiasBland–Altmanlimits of agreementtransformationsvariance function

More Related Videos

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding
06:33

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding

Published on: October 11, 2018

7.2K
3D Kinematic Analysis for the Functional Evaluation in the Rat Model of Sciatic Nerve Crush Injury
08:20

3D Kinematic Analysis for the Functional Evaluation in the Rat Model of Sciatic Nerve Crush Injury

Published on: February 12, 2020

9.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction PPI Analysis of Memory Related Connectivity in Individuals at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease
09:38

Generalized Psychophysiological Interaction PPI Analysis of Memory Related Connectivity in Individuals at Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: November 14, 2017

15.7K
Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding
06:33

Decomposing the Variance in Reading Comprehension to Reveal the Unique and Common Effects of Language and Decoding

Published on: October 11, 2018

7.2K
3D Kinematic Analysis for the Functional Evaluation in the Rat Model of Sciatic Nerve Crush Injury
08:20

3D Kinematic Analysis for the Functional Evaluation in the Rat Model of Sciatic Nerve Crush Injury

Published on: February 12, 2020

9.4K

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biostatistics
  • Clinical Laboratory Science

Background:

  • Bland-Altman analysis assesses agreement between two analytical methods.
  • Homogeneous scatter of paired method differences is crucial for valid limits of agreement.
  • Logarithmic transformations, often used for non-homogeneous scatter, fail near assay detection limits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address limitations of Bland-Altman analysis with data near detection limits.
  • To propose a method for transforming data with non-constant scatter for improved agreement assessment.
  • To provide practical solutions for analyzing problematic laboratory data.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized simulated thyrotropin data to demonstrate the variance function approach.
  • Estimated a variance function from pair differences to transform data.
  • Applied the transformed data to traditional Bland-Altman analysis.

Main Results:

  • Variance function transformation successfully created data suitable for Bland-Altman analysis.
  • Transformed results allow for back-transformation to original scales or percentage values.
  • Limits of agreement reflect error characteristics accurately after transformation.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed method is general and requires estimating a variance function.
  • This approach enhances the reliability of Bland-Altman analysis for various data types.
  • A computer program is available to perform the necessary calculations.