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Published on: May 10, 2024
Predictive markers in lung cancer: a few hints for the practicing pathologist
M Barbareschi1, M Barberis2, F Buttitta3
1Pathology Unit, Hospital S. Chiara, Trento, Italy.
This review discusses predictive biomarkers for non-small-cell lung cancer, focusing on standardizing tests for EGFR mutations, ALK/ROS1 rearrangements, and PD-L1 expression to guide targeted therapy selection.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Diagnostics
- Translational Research
Background:
- Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment increasingly relies on molecular profiling.
- Standardized testing for predictive biomarkers is crucial for effective targeted therapy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review key predictive biomarkers in NSCLC.
- To discuss standardization of testing methodologies.
- To highlight emerging molecular targets.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of predictive biomarker testing in NSCLC.
- Analysis of current guidelines and emerging research.
- Discussion of challenges in molecular testing.
Main Results:
- EGFR mutations, ALK and ROS1 rearrangements are established NSCLC biomarkers.
- PD-L1 immunohistochemistry is vital for immunotherapy selection.
- New targetable alterations are continually being identified.
Conclusions:
- Standardized molecular testing is essential for optimal NSCLC patient management.
- Careful patient selection for testing improves treatment efficacy.
- Ongoing research into novel biomarkers will further refine personalized NSCLC therapy.
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