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A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
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Working Memory Impairment Across Psychotic disorders.

James M Gold1, Deanna M Barch2, Leah M Feuerstahler3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.

Schizophrenia Bulletin
|September 28, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive neuroscience research shows working memory (WM) impairments and attention lapses are common in psychotic disorders. WM task performance correlated with functional capacity, suggesting clinical utility for these assessments.

Keywords:
capacity limitationscognitive impairmentpsychosisschizophreniaworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Working memory (WM) is crucial for various cognitive functions.
  • Understanding WM deficits is key in psychiatric disorders.
  • Existing WM paradigms need clinical utility evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Assess the clinical utility of basic cognitive neuroscience WM paradigms.
  • Evaluate WM storage capacity estimation without attention lapse contamination.
  • Examine WM performance in schizophrenia, schizoaffective, and bipolar disorder with psychosis.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 61 schizophrenia, 49 schizoaffective, 47 bipolar with psychosis, and 59 healthy volunteers.
  • Administered multiple WM tasks: Change Detection, Change Localization, and Running Span.
  • Utilized a mathematical model to analyze attention lapses.

Main Results:

  • Healthy volunteers outperformed patients on visual Change Localization and Running Span tasks.
  • WM capacity estimates correlated significantly with functional capacity and outcome.
  • Patient groups showed similar WM task performance, indicating general impairment.

Conclusions:

  • WM impairment and attention lapsing are characteristic of psychotic disorders.
  • WM assessment methods show potential for clinical application.
  • Change Detection and Localization tasks may aid in evaluating functional capacity and outcome.