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Effects of a cluster-randomized school-based prevention program on physical activity and microvascular function

Monika Siegrist1, Henner Hanssen2, Christoph Lammel1

  • 1Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Munich, Germany.

Atherosclerosis
|September 28, 2018
PubMed

Insights

The JuvenTUM 3 school program boosted children's physical activity and improved retinal microvascular function, showing promise for early cardiovascular disease prevention.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric vascular health
  • Preventive cardiology
  • Lifestyle interventions in children

Background:

  • The impact of school-based programs on children's microvascular health is not well understood.
  • Early detection and prevention of vascular dysfunction are crucial for long-term cardiovascular health.
  • Lifestyle factors significantly influence vascular health from a young age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of the JuvenTUM 3 school-based lifestyle intervention program.
  • To assess the program's impact on physical activity, fitness, biomarkers, and microvascular function in children.
  • To determine if the intervention improves early markers of vascular dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • A cluster-randomized trial involving 434 children aged 10-11 years over 18 months.
  • Intervention group received weekly lifestyle lessons promoting physical activity and healthy behaviors.
  • Microvascular function assessed using retinal vessel analysis (CRAE, CRVE, AVR); physical activity via questionnaire.

Main Results:

  • School-based physical activity significantly increased in the intervention group (41% vs 19%).
  • Improvements observed in arteriolar-to-venular diameter ratio (AVR) and retinal venular diameter (CRVE) in the intervention group.
  • Positive vascular effects, including for CRAE and AVR, were noted in overweight children within the intervention group.

Conclusions:

  • The JuvenTUM 3 program effectively increased school-based physical activity.
  • The intervention led to favorable changes in retinal microvasculature function, an early indicator of vascular health.
  • These findings support early lifestyle interventions for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in children.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiovascular riskChildhood obesityPhysical fitnessRetinal vesselsSchool intervention

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