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Imprinting01:22

Imprinting

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Behavioral imprinting is observed in some newborn animals and occurs when they develop strong and specific attachments to another animal (usually a parent) following brief, early-life exposures. Offspring imprint onto parents within a brief period after birth or hatching; this time window is called the critical period. Once imprinting occurs, the bond established between the parents and their offspring is usually long-lasting.
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Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
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Sample Preparation in Quartz Crystal Microbalance Measurements of Protein Adsorption and Polymer Mechanics
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Oriented surface epitope imprinted polymer-based quartz crystal microbalance sensor for cytochrome c.

Xiao-Tong Ma1, Xi-Wen He1, Wen-You Li2

  • 1College of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.

Talanta
|September 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary

A new quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor uses an oriented surface epitope imprinted polymer for highly sensitive and selective detection of cytochrome c. This method offers a simple, room-temperature fabrication process for protein analysis.

Keywords:
ChemosensingOriented epitope imprinted polymersProtein recognitionQuartz crystal microbalance sensorReverse microemulsion polymerization

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Area of Science:

  • Biomolecular Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Sensor Technology

Background:

  • Cytochrome c detection is crucial for diagnosing diseases like apoptosis.
  • Existing detection methods often lack sensitivity, selectivity, or simplicity.
  • Developing efficient biosensors for cytochrome c remains a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate a novel quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) sensor for detecting cytochrome c.
  • To develop an oriented surface epitope imprinted polymer for enhanced molecular recognition.
  • To establish a simple, room-temperature polymerization method for sensor fabrication.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of an oriented surface epitope imprinted polymer using cytochrome c's palmitic acid-modified epitope as a template.
  • Utilizing reverse microemulsion polymerization with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane as the monomer.
  • Integration of the imprinted polymer with a QCM sensor platform.

Main Results:

  • The oriented imprinted polymer exhibited a superior imprinting effect compared to non-oriented polymers.
  • The developed QCM sensor demonstrated high sensitivity and selectivity for cytochrome c detection.
  • Achieved a linear detection range of 0.005–0.050 μg/mL with a low detection limit of 3.6 ng/mL.
  • The sensor showed satisfactory reproducibility and accuracy in real sample analysis.

Conclusions:

  • A novel and efficient method for fabricating oriented surface epitope imprinted polymers for QCM sensors was established.
  • The developed sensor provides a sensitive and selective platform for detecting low concentrations of cytochrome c.
  • This approach offers a promising new strategy for protein detection in biological samples.