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Reconsidering the Differences Between Shame and Guilt.

Maria Miceli1, Cristiano Castelfranchi1

  • 1Institute of Cognitive Sciences and Technologies, National Research Council of Italy, Rome, Italy.

Europe'S Journal of Psychology
|September 29, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Shame and guilt are distinct emotions, but current distinctions need refinement. This study proposes new criteria focusing on self-evaluation, self-concept, and self-esteem to better differentiate these emotions and their social implications.

Keywords:
guiltharmfulnessinadequacymoral emotionsresponsibilityself-esteemself-evaluationshame

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Emotion Research

Background:

  • Shame and guilt are often debated as distinct yet overlapping emotions.
  • Existing distinctions between shame and guilt may require reevaluation.
  • The adaptive and social functions of shame and guilt warrant further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose novel criteria for distinguishing shame from guilt.
  • To re-examine the adaptive and social implications of shame and guilt.
  • To provide a framework for understanding the coexistence or transition between shame and guilt.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis integrating existing literature.
  • Proposal of new distinguishing criteria based on self-evaluation, self-concept, and self-esteem.
  • Theoretical framework for differentiating shame and guilt.

Main Results:

  • Identified key distinctions: self-evaluation (inadequacy vs. harmfulness).
  • Highlighted differences in focus: actual vs. ideal self vs. responsibility for fault.
  • Linked distinctions to specific domains of self-esteem.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed criteria offer a refined way to differentiate shame and guilt.
  • These distinctions help explain how shame and guilt can coexist or transition.
  • Revisiting these criteria enhances understanding of their adaptive and social roles.