Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Testes: Histology01:27

Testes: Histology

3.0K
A tough, fibrous membrane, the tunica albuginea, covers the testes, extending inward to form fibrous partitions or septa, dividing them into internal compartments called lobules. Each lobule has 1 to 3 tightly coiled seminiferous tubules where sperm production occurs. These tubules merge into a tubular network at the back of the testis, known as the rete testis. It connects to 15 to 20 efferent ductules, leading to the epididymis.
The spermatogenic cells, responsible for producing sperm, are...
3.0K
Complementation Tests00:49

Complementation Tests

6.3K
A complementation test is a simple cross to identify whether the two mutations are located on the same gene or different genes. It was first performed by Edward Lewis in the 1940s while working on fruit flies. He developed the test to identify the location and arrangement of different mutations on chromosomes.
Organisms heterozygous for different mutations are crossed pairwise in all combinations. If present on different genes, the mutations can complement each other by providing the missing...
6.3K
Significance Testing: Overview01:04

Significance Testing: Overview

12.7K
Significance testing is a set of statistical methods used to test whether a claim about a parameter is valid. In analytical chemistry, significance testing is used primarily to determine whether the difference between two values comes from determinate or random errors. The effect of a particular change in the measurement protocol, analyst, or sample itself can cause a deviation from the expected result. In the case of a suspected deviation/outlier, we need to be able to confirm mathematically...
12.7K
Testes: Gross Anatomy01:19

Testes: Gross Anatomy

6.2K
The testes, also known as testicles, are the male gonads. They are housed within the scrotum, a sac-like structure located beneath the penis. The scrotum's primary role is to regulate the temperature of the testes, which is crucial for sperm production.
Each testis is surrounded by the tunica albuginea, a dense connective tissue layer that provides structural support and protection. This layer is covered by an outer serous membrane called the tunica vaginalis, which helps reduce friction...
6.2K
Testing Water Quality01:14

Testing Water Quality

391
When the quality of water for concrete preparation is uncertain, its impact on the setting time of cement and compressive strength of mortar is assessed by comparison with de-ionized or distilled water benchmarks. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C1602 requires the setting times to be within 90 minutes of the control, British Standard (BS) 3146:1980 allows a 30-minute variance in the initial setting, while British Standards European Norm (BS EN) 1008 specifies initial setting...
391
Types of Hypothesis Testing01:11

Types of Hypothesis Testing

27.9K
There are three types of hypothesis tests: right-tailed, left-tailed, and two-tailed.
When the null and alternative hypotheses are stated, it is observed that the null hypothesis is a neutral statement against which the alternative hypothesis is tested. The alternative hypothesis is a claim that instead has a certain direction. If the null hypothesis claims that p = 0.5, the alternative hypothesis would be an opposing statement to this and can be put either p > 0.5, p < 0.5, or p...
27.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The gut microbiome and colorectal cancer.

Clinical microbiology reviews·2026
Same author

3D Self-Localization and Tracking with Minimum Anchor Dependency: A Hybrid Measurement and EKF-Based Approach.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same author

Colonoscopic and oral microbiota transplant therapy yield similar stool and neoterminal ileal engraftment profiles in a single-blind pilot randomized trial.

Inflammatory bowel diseases·2026
Same author

Cost-effectiveness of Commercial or Traditional Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·2026
Same author

Prevotella bivia Influences Antiretroviral Pharmacokinetics and Viral Replication in an Ex Vivo Vaginal Tissue Model.

Clinical and translational science·2026
Same author

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Rapidly Reduces Systemic Inflammation and Resolves Clostridioides difficile Pseudomembranous Colitis.

Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association·2026
Same journal

Standardizing Transition of Care for Adolescents with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Need for a Unified Approach.

Digestive diseases and sciences·2026
Same journal

Rapid Gastric Emptying: Insights from a Large Cohort Study on a Controversial Disorder.

Digestive diseases and sciences·2026
Same journal

Readability, Quality, Understandability, and Actionability of ChatGPT Generated GI Patient Education Versus AGA Patient Center.

Digestive diseases and sciences·2026
Same journal

Distinctive Endoscopic Ultrasound Features of Pancreatic Adenosquamous Carcinoma: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Digestive diseases and sciences·2026
Same journal

FIGThe Efficacy and Safety of Clip-Assisted Endoscopic Cyanoacrylate Injection for Gastric Varices: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Digestive diseases and sciences·2026
Same journal

Gastroscopic Removal of a Duodenal Foreign Body in a 94-Year-Old Patient.

Digestive diseases and sciences·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Author Spotlight: Evaluating Clinicians' Adoption of Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Cannulation Through Simulation Training
05:04

Author Spotlight: Evaluating Clinicians' Adoption of Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Cannulation Through Simulation Training

Published on: August 9, 2024

1.8K

Clinician Guide to Microbiome Testing.

Christopher Staley1,2, Thomas Kaiser3,4, Alexander Khoruts4,5

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, MMC 195, 420 Delaware St. SE, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA. cmstaley@umn.edu.

Digestive Diseases and Sciences
|September 30, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Personalized microbiome analysis is gaining interest for disease understanding. However, current tests lack clinical decision-making value, requiring more research before widespread adoption.

Keywords:
BacteriaCommunityDiseaseDysbiosisMicrobiomeNext-generation sequencing

More Related Videos

A Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Eating Disorder Analysis and Diagnosis
04:19

A Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Eating Disorder Analysis and Diagnosis

Published on: May 10, 2022

4.6K
Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children
10:42

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Published on: December 31, 2017

17.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Author Spotlight: Evaluating Clinicians' Adoption of Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Cannulation Through Simulation Training
05:04

Author Spotlight: Evaluating Clinicians' Adoption of Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Cannulation Through Simulation Training

Published on: August 9, 2024

1.8K
A Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Eating Disorder Analysis and Diagnosis
04:19

A Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Eating Disorder Analysis and Diagnosis

Published on: May 10, 2022

4.6K
Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children
10:42

Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children

Published on: December 31, 2017

17.9K

Area of Science:

  • Microbial ecology
  • Human disease pathogenesis
  • Personalized medicine

Background:

  • Growing recognition of the intestinal microbiome's role in common diseases.
  • Emergence of direct-access microbiome testing companies for patient-driven analysis.
  • Increasing physician involvement in interpreting and ordering microbiome tests.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state of microbiome science for clinicians.
  • To update the germ theory of disease with a microbial ecology perspective.
  • To discuss the potential and limitations of microbiome diagnostics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on microbial ecology and disease.
  • Explanation of core microbiome science vocabulary and concepts.
  • Analysis of current technological and knowledge limitations.

Main Results:

  • Microbiome science offers a new perspective on disease, updating the germ theory.
  • Essential microbiome terminology and current scientific limitations are outlined.
  • Future potential for individualized clinical care through microbiome analysis is discussed.

Conclusions:

  • Physicians require a basic understanding of microbiome science.
  • Current microbiome tests offer limited clinical decision-making value.
  • Substantial research is needed to realize the potential of microbiome diagnostics in healthcare.