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Gender differences in clinical factors associated with coronary artery atherosclerosis severity in patients with

Valerii P Ivanov1, Natalia Y Osovska1, Oksana L Baranova1

  • 1National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsia, Ukraine.

Wiadomosci Lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland : 1960)
|September 30, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Coronary artery atherosclerosis severity differs by gender, with men showing higher severity scores when aortic valve calcification and/or mitral annulus calcification are present without diabetes or aortic stenosis. These factors influence men more than women.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Previous studies on coronary atherosclerosis and heart valve calcification (aortic valve calcification and/or mitral annulus calcification) have yielded conflicting results.
  • Understanding gender-specific associations is crucial for accurate risk assessment and management of coronary artery disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gender differences in clinical factors associated with the severity of coronary artery atherosclerosis.
  • To explore the relationship between heart valve calcification and coronary artery disease severity across genders.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 362 patients undergoing coronary angiography.
  • Assessment of aortic valve calcification (AVC) and/or mitral annulus calcification (MAC) using transthoracic echocardioscopy.
  • Quantification of coronary artery atherosclerosis severity using the coronary atherosclerosis severity index (CASI).

Main Results:

  • Lower CASI was observed in patients with aortic stenosis (AS), indicating reduced atherosclerosis severity.
  • Men with AVC and/or MAC (without AS and diabetes mellitus) exhibited higher CASI compared to men without valve calcification and diabetes.
  • In similar subgroups, CASI did not significantly differ between women with and without valve calcification.
  • In men without AS and diabetes, CASI correlated with age, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), cholesterol levels, and the combined presence of AVC and MAC.
  • In women without AS and diabetes, CASI showed associations only with GFR and the combined presence of AVC and MAC.

Conclusions:

  • Coronary atherosclerosis severity index (CASI) is influenced by aortic stenosis severity.
  • In individuals without AS and diabetes, the combined presence of AVC and MAC is associated with CASI.
  • Gender-specific associations exist, with age and cholesterol being additional factors for men, while GFR and valve calcification are key for both genders.
Abstract

Keywords:
aortic valve calcificationcoronary atherosclerosismitral annulus calcificationgender differences

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