Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

Intrinsically disordered proteins are a group of proteins that do not fold into specific three-dimensional structures. Their structural flexibility allows them to complement ordered proteins to perform functions that are inaccessible to rigid structures. They are more common in eukaryotes than prokaryotes and may either be exclusively intrinsically disordered or hybrid proteins, consisting of a mix of ordered and disordered regions. The absence of a rigid structure in these proteins can be...

Bacterial Signaling

Bacterial Signaling

Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...

What is Cell Signaling?

What is Cell Signaling?

Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate to respond to the environment.

Cell-surface Signaling

Cell-surface Signaling

Hormones—or any molecule that binds to a receptor, known as a ligand—that are lipid-insoluble (water-soluble) are not able to diffuse across the cell membrane. In order to be able to affect a cell without entering it, these hormones bind to receptors on the cell membrane. When a first messenger, a hormone, binds to a receptor, a signal cascade is set off, causing second messengers, proteins inside the cell, to become activated, resulting in downstream effects.

Yeast Signaling

Yeast Signaling

Yeasts are single-celled organisms, but unlike bacteria, they are eukaryotes (cells with a nucleus). Cell signaling in yeast is similar to signaling in other eukaryotic cells. A ligand, such as a protein or a small molecule released from a yeast cell, attaches to a receptor on the cell surface. The binding stimulates second-messenger kinases to activate or inactivate transcription factors that further regulate gene expression. Many of the yeast intracellular signaling cascades have similar...

Endocrine Signaling

Endocrine Signaling

Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Deep Learning-Driven Pathological Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in Patients with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Primary Whole Slide Images.

Cancers·2026

Same author

Thoracoscopic retrieval of a rare migrated fish bone in the thorax: a case report with sequential CT evidence and literature review.

Journal of cardiothoracic surgery·2025

Same author

Integrating an entropy-driven DNA circuit with a tetrahedral scaffold as a generic <i>in situ</i> electrochemical biosensor for amplified detection of microRNAs.

The Analyst·2025

Same author

Quadratic Matrix Factorization With Applications to Manifold Learning.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2024

Same author

Induction of p27 contributes to inhibitory effect of isorhapontigenin (ISO) on malignant transformation of human urothelial cells.

Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)·2022

Same author

Essential Role of Sptan1 in Cochlear Hair Cell Morphology and Function Via Focal Adhesion Signaling.

Molecular neurobiology·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Electrically Evoked Stapedius Reflex Measurements in Cochlear Implantation and Its Application in the Postoperative Fitting Process

Electrically Evoked Stapedius Reflex Measurements in Cochlear Implantation and Its Application in the Postoperative Fitting Process

Published on: June 21, 2024

Noise-induced Cochlear Synaptopathy and Signal Processing Disorders.

Hengchao Chen¹, Lijuan Shi², Lijie Liu²

¹Otolaryngology Research Institute, 6th Affiliated Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

|September 30, 2018

Summary

Noise-induced hidden hearing loss (NIHHL) involves synaptic damage, which may partially repair but remain abnormal. Current evidence questions the usefulness of certain tests for detecting this condition.

Keywords:

coding deficit hidden hearing loss noise exposure syanptogenesis synaptopathy

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Development of a Laser-Induced Shock Wave Animal Model Without Tympanic Membrane Perforation

Author Spotlight: Development of a Laser-Induced Shock Wave Animal Model Without Tympanic Membrane Perforation

Published on: March 1, 2024

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Electrically Evoked Stapedius Reflex Measurements in Cochlear Implantation and Its Application in the Postoperative Fitting Process

Electrically Evoked Stapedius Reflex Measurements in Cochlear Implantation and Its Application in the Postoperative Fitting Process

Published on: June 21, 2024

Author Spotlight: Development of a Laser-Induced Shock Wave Animal Model Without Tympanic Membrane Perforation

Author Spotlight: Development of a Laser-Induced Shock Wave Animal Model Without Tympanic Membrane Perforation

Published on: March 1, 2024

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Systematic Hearing Performance Evaluation Process for Adolescents with Cochlear Implantation at Early Ages

Published on: March 24, 2023

Area of Science:

Audiology
Neuroscience
Hearing Research

Background:

Noise-induced hidden hearing loss (NIHHL) is characterized by synaptic damage without permanent threshold shifts.
Evidence primarily stems from animal models, but human occurrence is suspected.
NIHHL research focuses on synaptic repair, threshold shifts, and neural coding deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

To review controversial aspects of NIHHL.
To investigate synaptic re-establishment after noise exposure.
To examine the role of synaptic damage/repair in threshold shifts and recovery.
To explore the link between synaptic processes and neural coding deficits.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on noise-induced hidden hearing loss.
Analysis of studies on synaptic damage and repair mechanisms.
Evaluation of neural coding deficits in the context of cochlear synaptopathy.

Main Results:

Damaged synapses can partially repair after noise exposure but remain functionally abnormal.
Some neural response deficits in temporal and intensity coding are observed.
No strong evidence supports hypothesized coding-in-noise deficits.
The utility of envelope following responses for detecting cochlear synaptopathy is questionable.

Conclusions:

Synaptic repair after noise exposure is incomplete and functionally impaired.
Current methods for detecting NIHHL, such as envelope following responses, may lack sensitivity and usefulness.
Further research is needed to understand NIHHL mechanisms and develop reliable diagnostic tools.