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Updated: Feb 4, 2026
Author Spotlight: Creating a Versatile Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model Relevant for Both Male and Female Mice
Published on: October 13, 2023
Autoimmune encephalitis with elevated N-type calcium channel antibodies as a multiple sclerosis mimic
1Department of Neurology, West Virginia University, 1 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
Background:
Voltage gated calcium channels (VGCC) are well-known targets for antibody-associated disease. Of the 5 VGCC subtypes, the most well-known is the P/Q subtype associated with Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome (LEMS). However, this case focuses on the much less understood N-type calcium channel antibody. The objective of this case is to review the literature regarding the clinical significance of the N-type calcium channel antibody and its relationship to MS.
Methods:
A 37-year old male presented with vertigo, paranoia, and tremor and had MRI changes suggestive of demyelinating disease. Evaluation revealed positive N-type calcium channel antibodies. Steroids dramatically improved symptoms and normalized antibodies. Years later recurrent symptoms were again associated with elevated antibodies.
Results And Conclusion:
This patient likely has autoimmune encephalitis associated with elevated N-type calcium channel antibodies. This case highlights the clinical significance of N-type calcium channel antibodies and the importance of correctly diagnosing patients with antibody mediated disease that may very well mimic more common neurologic diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS).
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