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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment01:08

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Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
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The hepatic portal system, a critical part of our circulatory framework, transports nutrient-laden, deoxygenated blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This ingenious system plays an indispensable role in maintaining our body's metabolic equilibrium.
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Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug...
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The biliary system of the liver, crucial for bile secretion and drug excretion, comprises intrahepatic bile ducts that merge to form the common hepatic duct. This duct, carrying hepatic bile, combines with the cystic duct, draining the gallbladder and forming the common bile duct, which empties into the duodenum. Bile, produced by hepatic cells lining the bile canaliculi, is composed primarily of water, bile salts, pigments, electrolytes, and lesser amounts of cholesterol and fatty acids. Bile...
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In the liver and bile canaliculi, influx and efflux transporters modification can influence intrinsic clearance. Transporters play a significant role in moving drugs within liver cells. Elaborate models, such as the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS), are essential to relate transporters to drug disposition. This system categorizes drugs into four classes based on solubility and permeability, providing insights into elimination routes and the effects of transporters following oral...
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In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
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Primary Culture of Human Vestibular Schwannomas
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[Primary Hepatic Schwannoma].

Youn I Choi1, Yun Seob Kim1, Ju Hyun Kim1

  • 1Departments of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea.

The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology = Taehan Sohwagi Hakhoe Chi
|October 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Primary benign liver schwannoma is exceptionally rare, with only 30 cases documented globally. This report details a new case, contributing to the limited understanding of this hepatic neoplasm.

Keywords:
NeurilemmomaPeripheral nervous system neoplasms

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Surgical Pathology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Primary benign schwannomas of the liver are exceedingly rare hepatic neoplasms.
  • Fewer than 30 cases have been reported worldwide, highlighting their rarity.

Observation:

  • A 56-year-old male presented with an incidentally discovered hepatic mass.
  • Imaging revealed a 3x2 cm solid mass in the left lobe of the liver.

Findings:

  • Histopathological examination confirmed a benign schwannoma.
  • Diagnosis was supported by positive S-100 protein immunoreaction and negative markers for CD34, CD117, and smooth muscle actin.

Implications:

  • This case adds to the scarce literature on primary benign liver schwannomas.
  • Further research may elucidate the pathogenesis and optimal management of these rare tumors.