Cupping therapy in Saudi Arabia: from control to integration

Area of Science:

• Integrative Medicine
• Traditional Saudi Healthcare Practices

Background:

• Cupping therapy, known as Hijamah, is a prominent traditional practice in Saudi Arabia, often linked with spiritual healing and herbal medicine.
• Wet cupping is the most prevalent form, reflecting religious, intercultural, and cross-civilizational influences.
• Distinguishing Saudi Hijamah solely by technique or site overlooks its unique cultural and societal context.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the distinct characteristics of cupping therapy users in Saudi Arabia.
• To examine the regulatory landscape and service delivery models of cupping therapy in the Kingdom.
• To identify areas for future research in integrating cupping services within the Saudi healthcare system.

Main Methods:

• The study analyzes the profile of cupping therapy users in Saudi Arabia.
• It reviews the regulatory framework established by the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM/MOH).
• It assesses current service delivery models in the private and public sectors.

Main Results:

• Cupping therapy users in Saudi Arabia are characterized by higher education and job ranks, irrespective of nationality or gender.
• Cupping therapy is now regulated by NCCAM/MOH, covering practitioners, locations, and equipment.
• Services are primarily offered by the private sector, directly paid by clients, and often operate as parallel rather than integrated services.

Conclusions:

• Cupping therapy in Saudi Arabia possesses unique user demographics and a distinct cultural identity.
• Current regulations have professionalized the practice, primarily within the private sector.
• Further research is needed to develop integrated cupping service models within the ongoing Saudi healthcare transformation.