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German senior citizens' capabilities for physical activity: a qualitative study.

Alexandra Sauter1, Janina Curbach1, Jana Rueter1

  • 1Medical Sociology, Department for Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Dr. Gessler-Str. 17, 93051 Regensburg, Germany.

Health Promotion International
|October 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study explored senior citizens' perceived capabilities for physical activity. Findings show individual, social, and environmental factors are crucial for promoting active lifestyles in older adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Health Promotion

Background:

  • Amartya Sen's capability approach (CA) is increasingly applied in health promotion.
  • CA considers individual, social, and environmental factors influencing lifestyles.
  • Understanding capabilities is key to promoting active lifestyles among seniors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate capabilities senior citizens perceive for physical activity.
  • To identify perceived opportunities and barriers to active lifestyles in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • 26 semi-standardized interviews with senior citizens (aged 66-97) in Southern Germany.
  • 9 interviews with key persons interacting with seniors.
  • Qualitative analysis to identify key capabilities and domains.
Keywords:
capability approachphysical activitysenior citizens

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Main Results:

  • Identified 11 important capabilities for an active lifestyle among seniors.
  • Capabilities grouped into four domains: individual resources, social interactions/norms, living conditions, and organizational environment.
  • Social and environmental factors significantly shape seniors' capabilities for physical activity.

Conclusions:

  • Health promotion interventions should expand social and environmental capabilities for physical activity.
  • Interventions must involve older adults, families, nursing staff, and community representatives.
  • Empowering seniors requires a holistic approach addressing diverse capability-enhancing factors.