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Polymers02:34

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

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Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
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Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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High sensitivity magnetometer using nanocomposite polymers with large magneto-optic response.

Babak Amirsolaimani, Palash Gangopadhyay, Andre P Persoons

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    |October 2, 2018
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    This study introduces a novel nanocomposite magnetic field sensor for high-resolution, real-time measurements. The Dy3+-doped sensor operates at room temperature in unshielded environments, offering a significant advancement for various applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Nanotechnology
    • Sensor Technology

    Background:

    • Miniaturized magnetic field sensors are crucial for geophysics and biomedical imaging.
    • Existing magnetometers often compromise spatial/temporal resolution or require shielded labs.
    • There is a need for high spatio-temporal resolution sensors for real-time magnetic fluctuation measurements.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a new nanocomposite-based system for miniaturized magnetic field sensing.
    • To achieve high sensitivity and operation in unshielded environments at room temperature.
    • To demonstrate the sensor's capability for real-world applications like biomedical monitoring.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a nanocomposite sensor using Dy3+-doped magnetite and cobalt ferrite nanoparticles in a polymer matrix.
    • Utilizing a compact fiber-optic interferometer as the detection mechanism.
    • Characterizing the sensor's magnetic field response and sensitivity.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a sensitivity of 20 fT/√Hz.
    • Demonstrated successful operation at room temperature and in an unshielded environment.
    • Successfully measured the human heartbeat, showcasing potential biomedical applications.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed nanocomposite sensor offers high sensitivity and robust operation for miniaturized magnetic field sensing.
    • This technology enables real-time, high-resolution magnetic measurements in diverse, unshielded environments.
    • The sensor shows promise for applications ranging from geophysics to non-invasive biomedical monitoring.