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Optimal sparse apertures for phased-array imaging.

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    This study systematically searches for optimal sparse-aperture imaging configurations to maximize resolution. A new procedure is derived to easily adjust aperture parameters based on desired resolution and performance metrics.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical imaging systems
    • Signal processing
    • Computational optics

    Background:

    • Sparse-aperture imaging systems face challenges in optimizing aperture configuration for maximal resolution.
    • Previous research often focused on continuous settings, necessitating adaptation for discrete systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To systematically search for maximal-resolution configurations in sparse-aperture imaging systems with 9 to 21 apertures.
    • To develop a procedure for optimizing aperture parameters based on resolution and modulation transfer function (MTF) constraints.

    Main Methods:

    • A systematic search was conducted for optimal aperture configurations in a discrete setting.
    • The search space spanned systems with 9 to 21 apertures.
    • Optimization procedures were derived from a catalog of identified maximal-resolution solutions.

    Main Results:

    • A catalog of maximal-resolution aperture configurations was generated for systems with 9 to 21 apertures.
    • A novel procedure was developed to optimize key aperture parameters.
    • The procedure simplifies optimization using high-level constraints like desired resolution and minimum MTF or fill-factor.

    Conclusions:

    • The systematic search provides valuable maximal-resolution configurations for sparse-aperture imaging.
    • The derived optimization procedure offers a practical method for designing imaging systems with specific performance requirements.
    • This work facilitates the design of efficient sparse-aperture imaging systems by simplifying parameter optimization.