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Atrazine Transport through a Soil-Epikarst System
Journal of Environmental Quality
|October 2, 2018
Summary
Atrazine herbicide transport to karst groundwater was delayed, with metabolites dominating loads. Soil processes control this movement, highlighting the need for improved farming practices to protect water quality.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Hydrology
- Agricultural Science
Background:
- Row crop and livestock production contaminate karst aquifers.
- Understanding contaminant transport in karst systems is crucial for groundwater protection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the transport of atrazine and its metabolites from field application to karst groundwater.
- To analyze the factors controlling atrazine and metabolite movement in an epikarstic drainage system.
Main Methods:
- Monitoring atrazine, deethylatrazine (DEA), and deisopropylatrazine (DIA) concentrations in epikarst drains (WF-1 and WF-2) over 17 months.
- Analyzing metabolite to atrazine ratios (DMAR) and correlating them with soil temperature.
Main Results:
- Atrazine concentrations spiked nearly two months after application, during a May 2011 rainfall event.
- Atrazine, DEA, and DIA were detected in all samples; metabolites constituted 54-94% of total loads.
- Seasonal DMAR patterns correlated with soil temperature, indicating soil sorption and degradation control transport.
Conclusions:
- Soil column processes (sorption and degradation) significantly delay atrazine transport to karst aquifers.
- Weakly sorbed atrazine metabolites are transported to groundwater over extended periods.
- Implementing sustainable agricultural practices like crop rotation and cover crops can improve groundwater quality in karst regions.
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