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Related Concept Videos

Diffusion01:12

Diffusion

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Diffusion is the passive movement of substances down their concentration gradients—requiring no expenditure of cellular energy. Substances, such as molecules or ions, diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration in the cytosol or across membranes. Eventually, the concentration will even out, with the substance moving randomly but causing no net change in concentration. Such a state is called dynamic equilibrium, which is essential for maintaining overall...
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Diffusion01:21

Diffusion

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Diffusion is a type of passive transport. In passive transport, a substance tends to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration until the concentration is equal across the space. For example, take the diffusion of substances through the air. When someone opens a perfume bottle in a room filled with people, the perfume is at its highest concentration in the bottle and is at its lowest at the edges of the room. The perfume vapor will diffuse, or spread away, from the...
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Peritoneal Dialysis II: Peritoneal Dialysis Systems and Complications01:25

Peritoneal Dialysis II: Peritoneal Dialysis Systems and Complications

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Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a medical process that removes waste products and excess fluid from the body using the peritoneal membrane as a natural filter.Peritoneal Dialysis MethodsSeveral methods can be used for peritoneal dialysis, including Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis, and Automated Peritoneal Dialysis, also known as Continuous Cyclic Peritoneal Dialysis.Acute Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis (AIPD) is used for patients with uremic...
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Facilitated Diffusion01:16

Facilitated Diffusion

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The plasma membrane, a critical structure in cellular biology, houses an array of transporters, or carrier proteins, interspersed within its lipid bilayer. These proteins play a crucial role in solute transport through facilitated diffusion, a form of passive diffusion that uses transporters to move the molecules across the membrane.
In this process, substrates such as organic compounds and ions interact with a transporter on one side, triggering conformational changes in proteins that enable...
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Gene Therapy00:59

Gene Therapy

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Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be...
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Peritoneal Dialysis I: Introduction and Procedure01:30

Peritoneal Dialysis I: Introduction and Procedure

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Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a procedure that facilitates the exchange of solutes, waste products, electrolytes, and excess fluid between the blood in the peritoneal capillaries and a dialysis solution introduced into the peritoneal cavity.Principles of Peritoneal Dialysis (PD)Diffusion: Waste products such as urea and electrolytes move from high concentrations in the blood to low concentrations in the dialysate across the peritoneal membrane. This mechanism is driven by the concentration...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Endoscopic Vacuum Therapy for the Treatment of Anastomotic Leakage after Total Gastrectomy with Esophagojejunostomy
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Endoscopic Vacuum Therapy for the Treatment of Anastomotic Leakage after Total Gastrectomy with Esophagojejunostomy

Published on: August 22, 2025

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[VACUUM-THERAPY OF DIFFUSE PERITONITIS].

A B Kutovoy, S O Kosulnikov, E N Zavizion

    Klinichna Khirurhiia
    |October 2, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Vacuum-assisted therapy significantly reduces microbial contamination and complications in diffuse peritonitis patients. This approach lowers the need for repeat surgeries, improving patient outcomes in critical care settings.

    Area of Science:

    • Abdominal Surgery
    • Critical Care Medicine
    • Infectious Diseases

    Background:

    • Diffuse peritonitis presents significant challenges in patient management.
    • Standard treatment involves repeated surgical interventions (relaparotomy) and abdominal cavity cleansing (sanation).
    • Complications like abdominal compartment syndrome and persistent microbial contamination are common.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the efficacy of vacuum-assisted therapy as an adjunct treatment for diffuse peritonitis.
    • To compare outcomes between patients treated with vacuum-assisted therapy and those receiving conventional sanation relaparotomy.
    • To assess the impact of vacuum-assisted therapy on microbial load, compartment syndrome, and the rate of repeat surgeries.

    Main Methods:

    • A cohort of 37 patients with diffuse peritonitis was studied.

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  • 18 patients received vacuum-assisted therapy in combination with sanation relaparotomy.
  • A comparison group underwent sanation relaparotomy alone.
  • Patient severity was assessed using SOFA, APACHE II, and Mannheim's Peritonitis Index.

    • Main Results:

    • Vacuum-assisted therapy led to a significant reduction in microbial contamination within the abdominal cavity.
    • The incidence of abdominal compartment syndrome was effectively prevented in the vacuum-assisted therapy group.
    • The rate of requiring further sanation relaparotomies was reduced with the addition of vacuum-assisted therapy.

    Conclusions:

    • Vacuum-assisted therapy is a valuable adjunct in managing diffuse peritonitis.
    • This therapeutic approach mitigates key complications and reduces the need for re-operation.
    • Vacuum-assisted therapy offers a promising strategy for improving outcomes in peritonitis patients.