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Related Experiment Video

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Paediatric Strongyloidiasis in Central Australia.

Angela Wilson1, Deborah Fearon2

  • 1BBioMedSci MBBS Hons, Paediatric Senior Registrar, Department of Paediatrics, Alice Springs Hospital, P.O. Box 2234, Alice Springs NT 0871, Australia. angela.wilson@nt.gov.au.

Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease
|October 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study found a 16.1% seroprevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in Central Australian paediatric patients. Indigenous children, particularly those outside Alice Springs, were more likely to be seropositive, highlighting the need for further research.

Keywords:
Aboriginal and Torres Strait IslanderCentral AustraliaIndigenousStrongyloides stercoralischild healthepidemiologystrongyloidiasis

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Paediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Limited data exists on paediatric strongyloidiasis prevalence in Australian endemic regions.
  • This study addresses this gap by presenting the first seroprevalence data for children in Central Australia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the seroprevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in paediatric patients in Central Australia.
  • To explore associations between seropositivity and clinical factors, including eosinophilia and geographic location.

Main Methods:

  • A literature review and exploratory clinical audit of paediatric inpatients tested for Strongyloides stercoralis in 2016.
  • Serological testing for Strongyloides stercoralis antibodies.
  • Analysis of demographic and clinical data, including eosinophil counts and geographic residence.

Main Results:

  • A seroprevalence of 16.1% for Strongyloides stercoralis infection was observed in paediatric inpatients.
  • Seropositive patients were more likely to reside outside Alice Springs (p=0.02) and had significantly higher mean eosinophil counts (p<0.0001).
  • All seropositive patients were Indigenous, and all tested patients were seronegative for human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1).

Conclusions:

  • Strongyloidiasis is prevalent in paediatric populations in Central Australia, particularly among Indigenous children residing in remote communities.
  • Eosinophilia is a common but not definitive indicator of infection.
  • Further epidemiological research is crucial to understand and manage strongyloidiasis in this region.