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Related Concept Videos

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

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The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
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Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

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Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

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In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
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Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

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Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
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Radioactive Decay and Radiometric Dating02:48

Radioactive Decay and Radiometric Dating

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Radioactivity is a spontaneous disintegration of an unstable nuclide and is a random process, as all the nuclei in the sample do not decay simultaneously. The number of disintegrations per unit time is called the activity (A), which is directly proportional to the number of nuclei in the sample. The decay constant (λ) is an average probability of decay per nucleus in unit time.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Measurement of mRNA Decay Rates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Using rpb1-1 Strains
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Measurement of mRNA Decay Rates in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Using rpb1-1 Strains

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Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay involves two distinct Upf1-bound complexes.

Marine Dehecq1,2, Laurence Decourty1, Abdelkader Namane1

  • 1Génétique des Interactions Macromoléculaires, Genomes and Genetics Department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.

The EMBO Journal
|October 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) involves two distinct yeast complexes, Upf1-23 and Upf1-decapping. This finding reveals conserved NMD mechanisms across eukaryotes, aiding further research.

Keywords:
NMDSaccharomyces cerevisiaeRNA decayaffinity purificationquantitative mass spectrometry

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Biology
  • Cellular Mechanisms

Background:

  • Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a critical RNA surveillance pathway.
  • NMD regulates gene expression, telomere maintenance, and embryo development.
  • Core NMD factors (Upf1, Upf2, Upf3) are conserved, but a universal model is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the composition and dynamics of yeast NMD complexes.
  • To elucidate the functional roles of identified NMD factors.
  • To propose a conserved model for NMD mechanism.

Main Methods:

  • Affinity purification coupled with mass spectrometry in yeast.
  • Utilized an improved data analysis protocol for complex identification.
  • Investigated protein-protein and protein-RNA interactions within NMD complexes.

Main Results:

  • Identified two distinct Upf1-associated complexes: Upf1-23 and Upf1-decapping.
  • Upf1-decapping complex contains the mRNA decapping enzyme, Nmd4, and Ebs1.
  • Nmd4 and Ebs1 are critical for RNA degradation and their association depends on Upf1-23 components.

Conclusions:

  • Yeast NMD operates through successive Upf1-23 and Upf1-decapping complexes.
  • Nmd4/Ebs1 proteins show similarity to mammalian Smg5-7, suggesting conserved NMD mechanisms.
  • The proposed model provides a framework for studying NMD in eukaryotes.