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The Epigenetics of Triple-Negative and Basal-Like Breast Cancer: Current Knowledge

Daiana Cosmina Temian1,2, Laura Ancuta Pop1, Alexandra Iulia Irimie3

  • 1Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Journal of Breast Cancer
|October 3, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks targeted therapies. Epigenetic research, including DNA methylation and noncoding RNAs, offers new avenues for TNBC treatment and diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer in women, with significant progress in targeted therapies.
  • Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a challenging subtype resistant to current endocrine and targeted treatments, resulting in poorer prognoses.
  • Epigenetics, encompassing DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs, presents a promising frontier for understanding and combating cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current epigenetic discoveries specifically related to triple-negative breast cancer.
  • To highlight the potential of epigenetic mechanisms in advancing the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of TNBC.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epigenetic mechanisms in cancer research.
  • Focus on studies investigating DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs in TNBC.
  • Synthesis of findings to identify key epigenetic alterations in TNBC.

Main Results:

  • Epigenetic alterations, including aberrant DNA methylation patterns and dysregulated noncoding RNAs, are frequently observed in TNBC.
  • These epigenetic changes play crucial roles in TNBC initiation, progression, and therapeutic resistance.
  • Specific epigenetic targets are emerging as potential biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for TNBC.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetics offers a promising avenue for developing novel therapeutic strategies and diagnostic tools for triple-negative breast cancer.
  • Further research into epigenetic mechanisms is essential to overcome treatment resistance and improve outcomes for TNBC patients.
Keywords:
Breast neoplasmsDNA methylationHistone codeTriple negative breast neoplasmsUntranslated RNA

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