[Rabies and Bornavirus encephalitis : Fatal emerging viral encephalitis-a potential problem for organ recipients]

Area of Science:

• Infectious Diseases
• Transplantation Medicine
• Neurology

Background:

• Organ transplantation carries a risk of transmitting infectious agents from donor to recipient.
• Viral encephalitis, particularly rabies and Bornavirus, can be transmitted via transplanted organs, leading to severe or fatal outcomes.
• These transmitted infections pose significant risks to organ recipients and healthcare providers.

Purpose of the Study:

• To raise awareness of rabies and Bornavirus as potential causes of encephalitis in organ transplant recipients.
• To highlight the importance of considering these viral infections in the differential diagnosis of neurological complications post-transplantation.
• To emphasize the critical role of prevention through knowledge for patient and caregiver safety.

Main Methods:

• This article provides an overview of viral encephalitis transmitted through organ transplantation.
• It specifically discusses the risks associated with rabies and Bornavirus.
• The review synthesizes current knowledge on these zoonotic diseases in the context of organ donation and transplantation.

Main Results:

• Rabies is a consistently fatal viral encephalitis transmitted via organs, posing a high risk to caregivers.
• Bornavirus, previously linked to psychiatric conditions, has recently been identified as a cause of fatal encephalitis in organ recipients.
• The potential for viral transmission underscores the need for careful donor screening and recipient monitoring.

Conclusions:

• Rabies and Bornavirus represent critical, often fatal, infectious risks following organ transplantation.
• Increased awareness among intensive care and neurology professionals is essential for timely diagnosis and management.
• Preventive strategies, informed by knowledge of these pathogens, are vital for saving lives in this vulnerable patient population.