Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 4, 2026
13:35
Endoscopic Bilateral Nipple-sparing Mastectomy via a Single Axillary Incision with Immediate Pre-pectoral Implant-based Breast Reconstruction
Published on: May 17, 2024
4.3K
Simultaneous Nipple-Areola Complex Reconstruction Technique: Combination Nipple Sharing and Tattooing
Han Gyu Cha1, Jin Geun Kwon1, Eun Key Kim2
1Department of Plastic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, 88, Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, Korea.
Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
|October 3, 2018
Summary
This study presents a simplified simultaneous nipple-areola complex (NAC) reconstruction using nipple sharing and tattooing. The technique offers high patient satisfaction and a shorter overall reconstruction time with minimal complications.
Area of Science:
- Plastic Surgery
- Oncology
- Reconstructive Surgery
Background:
- Nipple-areola complex (NAC) reconstruction is crucial for breast symmetry and patient satisfaction post-mastectomy.
- Achieving complete breast reconstruction often relies on successful NAC restoration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce and evaluate a simplified, simultaneous NAC reconstruction method.
- To assess the safety, efficacy, and patient satisfaction of this technique.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective evaluation of patients undergoing simultaneous NAC reconstruction with nipple sharing and tattooing (July 2012 - December 2017).
- Analysis of breast reconstruction type, reconstruction intervals, operative time, and complications.
- Assessment of patient satisfaction and willingness for repeat procedures.
Main Results:
- Mean operation time for simultaneous NAC reconstruction was 46 minutes.
- No major complications like infection or total nipple loss were reported.
- High patient satisfaction (average 8.0/10) and 96.9% willingness for repeat procedures.
Conclusions:
- The simplified simultaneous NAC reconstruction with nipple sharing and tattooing is safe and effective.
- This technique leads to high patient satisfaction and reduces the overall reconstruction period.
- The method is practical for clinical settings, benefiting both patients and surgeons.
Related Concept Videos
03:45Formation of Complex Ions
26.1K
A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
26.1K
01:15Techniques of therapeutic communication I: Active Listening, Sharing Observations, Validation, and Using Touch
7.8K
The history of therapeutic communication can be traced back to Florence Nightingale, who emphasized the importance of developing trusting relationships with patients. She taught that the presence of nurses with patients results in therapeutic healing.
Therapeutic communication is not the same as social interaction. Social interaction has no goal or purpose and consists of casual information sharing, whereas therapeutic communication has a plan or purpose for the conversation. Therapeutic...
Therapeutic communication is not the same as social interaction. Social interaction has no goal or purpose and consists of casual information sharing, whereas therapeutic communication has a plan or purpose for the conversation. Therapeutic...
7.8K
01:10Reconstruction of Signal using Interpolation
734
Signal processing techniques are essential for accurately converting continuous signals to digital formats and vice versa. When a continuous signal is sampled with a period T, the resulting sampled signal exhibits replicas of the original spectrum in the frequency domain, spaced at intervals equal to the sampling frequency. To handle this sampled signal, a zero-order hold method can be applied, which creates a piecewise constant signal by retaining each sample's value until the next...
734
02:41Protein Complex Assembly
16.8K
Proteins can form homomeric complexes with another unit of the same protein or heteromeric complexes with different types. Most protein complexes self-assemble spontaneously via ordered pathways, while some proteins need assembly factors that guide their proper assembly. Despite the crowded intracellular environment, proteins usually interact with their correct partners and form functional complexes.
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
Many viruses self-assemble into a fully functional unit using the infected host cell to...
16.8K
01:57Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts
2.9K
Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order...
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order...
2.9K
01:29Complex Numbers
314
The real number system cannot represent the square root of a negative number, which restricts solutions for certain equations, such as quadratics with negative discriminants. To address this, the complex number system was developed, introducing the imaginary unit i, where i = √(-1). This extension allows for the representation of all roots, including those involving negative radicands.A complex number is written in the form x + yi, where x and y are real numbers. Here, x represents the...
314