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Assessing mercury pollution in Amazon River tributaries using a Bayesian Network approach.

Daniel Marcos Bonotto1, Buddhi Wijesiri2, Marcelo Vergotti3

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Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
|October 3, 2018
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mercury pollution in Amazon lakes is influenced by both natural geological sources and historical gold mining. A Bayesian Network analysis revealed complex relationships between mercury sources and lake sediment levels.

Keywords:
Amazon watersBayesian NetworksEnvironmental modellingHg contaminationWater pollution

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Geochemistry
  • Ecotoxicology

Background:

  • Mercury pollution poses significant risks to human and ecosystem health.
  • Elevated mercury levels are a concern in the Amazon River and its tributaries.
  • The Madeira River basin, a major Amazon tributary, faces mercury contamination challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the contribution of geogenic (natural) sources to mercury pollution in Amazonian lakes.
  • To differentiate between natural mercury inputs and anthropogenic sources in the Madeira River basin.
  • To understand the complex relationships influencing mercury levels in lake sediments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a Bayesian Network approach to model mercury sources.
  • Analyzed mercury concentrations in lake sediments and surrounding rocks.
  • Examined source indicators of naturally occurring mercury.

Main Results:

  • Source indicators for natural mercury showed both positive and negative correlations with lake sediment mercury.
  • Positive correlations suggest influence from geological and soil formations.
  • Negative correlations indicate the contribution of artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) mercury, with sediment levels exceeding those in surrounding rocks.

Conclusions:

  • Both geogenic sources and historical artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) contribute to mercury pollution in Amazonian lakes.
  • Mercury concentrations in lake sediments are higher than in surrounding rocks, suggesting anthropogenic input.
  • Despite a recent decline in ASM, historical gold mining remains a significant source of mercury contamination.