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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Rat Burn Model to Study Full-Thickness Cutaneous Thermal Burn and Infection

Rat Burn Model to Study Full-Thickness Cutaneous Thermal Burn and Infection

Published on: August 23, 2022

Third-degree burns associated with transcutaneous pacing.

Joshua E Payne¹, Jacob L Morgan², Richard R Weachter¹

¹Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA.

BMJ Case Reports

|October 4, 2018

Summary

Prolonged use of transcutaneous pacing (TCP) gel pads can cause severe burns. This case suggests avoiding prophylactic TCP gel pad use to prevent such adverse events.

Keywords:

arrhythmias cardiovascular medicine pacing and electrophysiology

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Transcutaneous Microcirculatory Imaging in Preterm Neonates

Transcutaneous Microcirculatory Imaging in Preterm Neonates

Published on: December 31, 2015

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Emergency Medicine
Medical Device Safety

Background:

Metabolic alterations from gastrointestinal distress can precipitate cardiac events.
Severe obesity and diabetes are common comorbidities in patients presenting with complex medical issues.

Observation:

A 69-year-old obese diabetic woman experienced hypotension and bradycardia due to a slow atrioventricular junctional rhythm.
Transcutaneous pacing (TCP) was administered to stabilize heart rate and blood pressure.

Findings:

Gel pads from transcutaneous pacing remained attached for 36 hours.
The patient developed third-degree burns at the sites of gel pad attachment.

Implications:

Extended use of transcutaneous pacing gel pads without replacement poses a significant risk of severe skin injury.
Prophylactic application of TCP gel pads should be reconsidered to mitigate burn risks.