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Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Development and Functionalization of Electrolyte-Gated Graphene Field-Effect Transistor for Biomarker Detection
Published on: February 1, 2022
Observing of the super-Planckian near-field thermal radiation between graphene sheets
Jiang Yang1, Wei Du1, Yishu Su1
1State Key Lab of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Abstract:
Thermal radiation can be substantially enhanced in the near-field scenario due to the tunneling of evanescent waves. Monolayer graphene could play a vital role in this process owing to its strong infrared plasmonic response, however, which still lacks an experimental verification due to the technical challenges. Here, we manage to make a direct measurement about plasmon-mediated thermal radiation between two macroscopic graphene sheets using a custom-made setup. Super-Planckian radiation with efficiency 4.5 times larger than the blackbody limit is observed at a 430-nm vacuum gap on insulating silicon hosting substrates. The positive role of graphene plasmons is further confirmed on conductive silicon substrates which have strong infrared loss and thermal emittance. Based on these, a thermophotovoltaic cell made of the graphene-silicon heterostructure is lastly discussed. The current work validates the classic thermodynamical theory in treating graphene and also paves a way to pursue the application of near-field thermal management.
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