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What is Conservation Biology?

What is Conservation Biology?

Conservation biology is a scientific field that focuses on the preservation of biodiversity in order to protect ecosystems while meeting the needs of the human population. Humans require properly functioning ecosystems to maintain our supply of natural resources, including food, medicines, and building materials.

Conservation of Small Populations

Conservation of Small Populations

Small population sizes put a species at extreme risk of extinction due to a lack of variation, and a consequent decrease in adaptability. This weakens the chances of survival under pressures such as climate change, competition from other species, or new diseases. Large populations are more likely to survive pressures such as these, as such populations are more likely to harbor individuals that have genetic variants that are adaptive under new stresses. Small populations are much less...

Conserved Binding Sites

Conserved Binding Sites

Many proteins’ biological role depends on their interactions with their ligands, small molecules that bind to specific locations on the protein known as ligand-binding sites. Ligand-binding sites are often conserved among homologous proteins as these sites are critical for protein function.
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Decision Making

Decision Making

Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
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Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins

Conservation of Protein Domains Over Different Proteins

Protein domains are small structurally independent units that are part of a single amino acid chain. Although these domains are often structurally independent, they may rely on synergistic effects to perform their functions as part of a larger protein. Protein domains may be conserved within the same organism, as well as across different organisms.
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Non-conservative Forces

Non-conservative Forces

Non-conservative forces are dissipative forces such as friction or air resistance. These forces take energy away from a system as it progresses. Unlike conservative forces, non-conservative forces do not have potential energy associated with them. This is because the energy is lost to the system and cannot be turned into useful work later.
Also unlike their conservative counterparts, they are path-dependent; where the object starts and stops does matter. For example, a grinding wheel applies a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Demonstration of the Sequence Alignment to Predict Across Species Susceptibility Tool for Rapid Assessment of Protein Conservation

Demonstration of the Sequence Alignment to Predict Across Species Susceptibility Tool for Rapid Assessment of Protein Conservation

Published on: February 10, 2023

Using the Value of Information to improve conservation decision making.

Friederike C Bolam¹, Matthew J Grainger¹, Kerrie L Mengersen²

¹School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K.

Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society

|October 4, 2018

Summary

Value of Information (VoI) methods help conservationists manage uncertainty in decision-making. Applying VoI can improve strategic planning and resource allocation for biodiversity conservation.

Keywords:

adaptive management biodiversity decision analysis decision theory ecology funding reporting standards research prioritisation uncertainty

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Area of Science:

Environmental science, ecology, and biodiversity conservation.
Decision analysis and strategic planning.

Background:

Conservation decisions are complex due to conflicting values and scientific uncertainty.
Value of Information (VoI) methods offer a framework for managing uncertainty in decision-making.
VoI is increasingly adopted in biodiversity conservation from other fields like economics and public health.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the application of VoI in the environmental domain, particularly biodiversity conservation.
To highlight the need for increased uptake of VoI in strategic conservation planning.
To suggest improvements for reporting standards to enhance VoI's utility.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature search using terms like 'Value of Information' and 'EVPI' across Web of Knowledge and Google Scholar.
Included studies focused on practical applications of VoI in biodiversity conservation.
Summarized VoI applications, objectives, uncertainties, models, measurements, and types.

Main Results:

The use of VoI in biodiversity conservation is growing but reporting is inconsistent.
Variability in reporting hinders understanding of decision contexts and uncertainties.
Clearer reporting standards are needed to effectively inform management and policy.

Conclusions:

VoI application in conservation is nascent, with potential for broader use in species management, research prioritization, and protected area design.
Standardized reporting of VoI studies is crucial for maximizing its impact on conservation outcomes.
VoI facilitates a more structured, decision-focused allocation of research resources for biodiversity conservation.