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Lifestyle Patterns as a Modifiable Risk Factor for Late-life Cognitive Decline: A Narrative Review Regarding Dementia
José R Wajman1, Leticia L Mansur2, Monica S Yassuda3
1Behavioral Neurology Sector, Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Hospital Sao Paulo, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo - SP, Brazil.
Current Aging Science
|October 4, 2018
Summary
Lifestyle factors significantly influence dementia risk, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD). Engaging in lifelong social, cultural, and intellectual activities may reduce neurodegeneration and cognitive decline.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Gerontology
- Public Health
Background:
- Dementias, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), are prevalent globally, disproportionately affecting low and middle-income nations.
- Research increasingly explores the interplay between environmental factors and genetic predispositions for dementia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the scientific literature on modifiable risk factors for late-life cognitive decline and dementia.
- To analyze the interaction between lifestyle patterns and major dementia risk factors.
Main Methods:
- A narrative review of the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (MEDLARS) database.
- Focus on identifying modifiable lifestyle factors impacting cognitive decline.
Main Results:
- Genetic and epigenetic influences on dementia risk are modulated by lifestyle factors such as diet, social engagement, and toxin exposure.
- Lifelong engagement in social, cultural, and intellectual activities is associated with better cognitive function and reduced neurodegenerative disease risk.
Conclusions:
- Modifiable risk factors show potential in reducing dementia risk, though direct late-life influences require further investigation.
- Proactive engagement in diverse lifelong activities may mitigate cognitive decline and neurodegeneration.
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