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The body inversion effect in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)
Jie Gao1,2, Masaki Tomonaga1
1Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi, Japan.
Plos One
|October 4, 2018
Summary
Chimpanzees exhibit an "inversion effect" for body recognition, similar to humans. This suggests they process bodies configurally, especially those with clear faces and contours, indicating bodies are special stimuli for them.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Ethology
- Comparative Psychology
- Primate Behavior
Background:
- Human body recognition is impaired by inversion, suggesting configural processing.
- The configural processing of bodies in non-human primates remains largely uninvestigated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the body inversion effect in chimpanzees.
- To determine if chimpanzees process bodies configurally, like humans.
- To identify body parts crucial for this configural processing.
Main Methods:
- Seven chimpanzees participated in matching-to-sample tasks.
- Stimuli included upright and inverted chimpanzee bodies, bodies with modified contours, faces, and control objects.
- Performance was assessed based on accuracy with different stimuli and orientations.
Main Results:
- Chimpanzees showed an inversion effect for intact bodies, bodies with complete contours, and bodies with clear faces.
- The inversion effect was absent for objects and stimuli lacking complete body contours or clear faces.
- This indicates configural processing is specific to bodies with key features.
Conclusions:
- Chimpanzees share configural body processing with humans, highlighting a shared evolutionary basis.
- Bodies are processed as special stimuli by chimpanzees, distinct from other objects.
- Faces and body contours play a significant role in chimpanzee configural body perception.
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