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Adaptation to metabolic acidosis by turtle urinary bladder.

R P Wheeler, J A Arruda

The American Journal of Physiology

|February 1, 1987

Summary

Turtle bladders adapt to metabolic acidosis by increasing H+ secretion. This adaptation involves more mitochondria-rich cells and acidic vesicles, not changes in intracellular pH or H+-ATPase activity.

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Area of Science:

Physiology
Cell Biology
Acid-Base Balance

Background:

Metabolic acidosis triggers adaptive responses in urinary organs.
The turtle urinary bladder is a model for studying acid secretion mechanisms.
Previous studies suggested intracellular pH or cell number changes mediate adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

Investigate mechanisms of adaptive H+ secretion in turtle bladders during metabolic acidosis.
Determine the roles of intracellular pH, cell number, and acidic vesicles in this adaptation.
Assess changes in H+-ATPase activity in response to acid loading.

Main Methods:

In vitro H+ and HCO3 secretion measurements.
Fluorescence microscopy using 6-carboxyfluorescein diacetate, acridine orange, and rhodamine 123 to assess intracellular pH and cell characteristics.
In vivo urinary acidification measurements.
Enzymatic activity and transport studies of plasma membrane fractions.

Main Results:

Acidotic turtle bladders showed increased H+ secretion but not HCO3 secretion.
Urinary acidification increased with acid loading.
Intracellular pH decreased only in bladders with high-acid load for 48h.
Increased numbers of acridine orange-positive cells and mitochondria-rich cells were observed.
The increase in acidic vesicles, not just mitochondria-rich cells, contributed to acridine orange staining.
No increase in H+-ATPase activity was detected.

Conclusions:

Adaptive increase in H+ secretion in metabolic acidosis is linked to increased mitochondria-rich cells.
An increase in acidic vesicles within these cells also plays a significant role.
Intracellular pH and H+-ATPase activity do not appear to mediate this specific adaptive response.

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