Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats
07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

11.9K

Prenatal hypoxia-ischemia decreases spatial memory and increases aggression during adolescence

R Indriawati1,2, S Aswin3, R Susilowati4

  • 11 Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Department of Physiology, Universitas Gadjah Mada , Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Physiology International
|October 5, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Prenatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) in rats impairs adolescent spatial memory and increases aggression. Longer HI duration led to more severe neurological deficits in offspring.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Perinatal Medicine

Background:

  • Prenatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is a significant cause of newborn mortality and long-term neurological conditions.
  • HI can lead to atypical brain development, resulting in cognitive and behavioral deficits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of prenatal HI on spatial memory and aggression in adolescent rats.
  • To determine if the timing and duration of HI influence these behavioral outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Pregnant rats were subjected to unilateral uterine artery ligation on gestational days 7, 12, or 17 to induce HI.
  • Offspring were assessed for spatial memory using the Y-maze and Morris water maze at 33 days of age.
  • Aggression levels were measured by scoring offense and defense behaviors.

Main Results:

  • Offspring exposed to prenatal HI exhibited reduced spatial memory performance compared to controls.
  • HI-exposed rats showed significantly higher scores for both offensive and defensive aggression.
  • A longer duration of prenatal HI correlated with more pronounced deficits in spatial memory and increased aggression.

Conclusions:

  • Prenatal HI adversely affects adolescent rat behavior, specifically impairing spatial memory and heightening aggression.
  • The severity of behavioral deficits is dependent on the duration of prenatal hypoxic-ischemic insult.
  • These findings highlight the critical vulnerability of the developing brain to hypoxic-ischemic events.

Keywords:
aggressionhypoxiaischemiaprenatalspatial memory

More Related Videos

Assessing Spatial Learning and Memory in Small Squamate Reptiles08:44

Assessing Spatial Learning and Memory in Small Squamate Reptiles

Published on: January 3, 2017

8.0K
A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia06:01

A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia

Published on: August 18, 2015

15.6K

Related Concept Videos

Aggression01:47

Aggression

Humans engage in aggression when they seek to cause harm or pain to another person. Aggression takes two forms depending on one’s motives: hostile or instrumental. Hostile aggression is motivated by feelings of anger with intent to cause pain; a fight in a bar with a stranger is an example of hostile aggression. In contrast, instrumental aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain (Berkowitz, 1993); a contract killer who murders for...
30.4K
Decreasing Function01:27

Decreasing Function

A decreasing function describes a relationship where the output consistently declines as the input increases. This means that for any two input values, if one is greater than the other, the corresponding output is smaller. Mathematically, a function f is decreasing on an interval I if for every x1 < x2​ in I, f (x1) > f (x2). This type of behavior is visually identified on a graph that slopes downward from left to right.The nature of a function can be analyzed by calculating...
299
Hypoxia01:23

Hypoxia

Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
2.2K
Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
1.1K
Decreased pulse rate01:14

Decreased pulse rate

Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with...
902
Cognitive Development During Adolescence01:18

Cognitive Development During Adolescence

During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
612