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Changes in workplace car parking and commute mode: a natural experimental study
Craig S Knott1, Stephen J Sharp1, Oliver T Mytton1
1MRC Epidemiology Unit, Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK.
Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
|October 5, 2018
Summary
Changes in workplace car parking policies influence commute behavior. Relaxing parking rules increases private motor vehicle use, impacting public health. Further research is needed for broader application.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Transportation Science
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Private motor vehicle use presents significant public health challenges.
- Workplace car parking policies are potential levers for behavior change.
- Understanding the link between parking policies and commute modes is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the association between changes in workplace car parking policies and commute mode choices.
- To evaluate the impact of parking policy shifts on the proportion of trips made by motor vehicle, walking/cycling, and public transport.
Main Methods:
- A natural experimental design using cohort data from Cambridge commuters (2009-2012).
- Analysis of self-reported travel modes and workplace parking policy changes over time.
- Generalized estimating equations used to model the relationship between policy changes and travel behavior.
Main Results:
- Introduction of free or paid workplace parking correlated with an 11.4% increase in motor vehicle trips.
- This policy shift was also linked to a 13.3% decrease in walking/cycling and a 5.8% decrease in public transport use.
- Restrictive policy changes showed trends in the expected direction but lacked statistical significance.
Conclusions:
- Relaxation of workplace parking policies is associated with increased reliance on private motor vehicles.
- Findings suggest parking policy is a significant factor in shaping sustainable transportation choices.
- Further longitudinal and intervention studies are recommended to confirm generalizability.
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