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Using a Combination of Indirect Calorimetry, Infrared Thermography, and Blood Glucose Levels to Measure Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis in Humans
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Indirect Calorimetry: History, Technology, and Application.

Haifa Mtaweh1, Lori Tuira2, Alejandro A Floh1

  • 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, University Ave, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Frontiers in Pediatrics
|October 5, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Indirect calorimetry is the gold standard for measuring energy expenditure and basal metabolic rate. This review highlights its challenges and clinical importance, contrasting it with inaccurate estimation formulas.

Keywords:
calorimetryclosed-circuit calorimetrycritically ill childrenenergy expenditureenergy metabolismindirect calorimetryopen-circuit calorimetry

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Area of Science:

  • Metabolic physiology
  • Clinical nutrition
  • Medical instrumentation

Background:

  • Accurate measurement of energy expenditure is crucial for determining basal metabolic rate and guiding nutritional support.
  • Indirect calorimetry is the established clinical standard for assessing energy needs.
  • Existing estimation formulas for energy expenditure lack precision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical development of indirect calorimetry.
  • To discuss the technical and logistical challenges associated with indirect calorimetry.
  • To provide practical case examples for clinicians utilizing indirect calorimetry.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical data and technical literature on indirect calorimetry.
  • Analysis of challenges in implementing indirect calorimetry in clinical settings.
  • Presentation of clinical case studies demonstrating the application of indirect calorimetry.

Main Results:

  • Indirect calorimetry is the reference standard for energy expenditure measurement.
  • Technical and logistical factors can present challenges in its application.
  • Estimation formulae are demonstrably inaccurate compared to direct measurement.

Conclusions:

  • Indirect calorimetry remains essential for accurate energy expenditure assessment.
  • Understanding the method's strengths and limitations is vital for effective clinical application.
  • Clinicians should prioritize indirect calorimetry over inaccurate estimation methods.