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[Pituitary adenoma calcification].

M Kurisaka, K Mori, G T Tindall

    No to Shinkei = Brain and Nerve
    |December 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Calcospherites are common in functioning pituitary adenomas, particularly prolactinomas and GH-secreting tumors. These findings suggest prolactin and growth hormone may influence calcium metabolism.

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Pathology
    • Oncology

    Background:

    • Pituitary adenomas are common tumors affecting hormone regulation.
    • Calcification within tumors, specifically calcospherites, is a recognized pathological finding.
    • The association between pituitary adenomas and calcospherites requires further investigation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the incidence and characteristics of calcospherites in pituitary adenomas.
    • To determine if calcospherites are more prevalent in functioning versus non-functioning pituitary adenomas.
    • To explore the potential role of pituitary hormones in calcium metabolism.

    Main Methods:

    • Histological, immunocytochemical, and electron microscopic examination of 318 pituitary adenoma cases.
    • Analysis of calcospherite presence in relation to tumor function and hormone secretion.

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  • Correlation of calcospherite incidence with specific adenoma subtypes (prolactinoma, GH-secreting, etc.).

    • Main Results:

    • Calcospherites were identified in 13.8% (44/318) of pituitary adenomas.
    • A significantly higher incidence of calcospherites was observed in functioning adenomas compared to non-functioning adenomas.
    • Calcification was most frequent in prolactinomas and GH-secreting adenomas, with lower occurrences in ACTH and FSH-secreting adenomas.

    Conclusions:

    • Functioning pituitary adenomas exhibit a higher prevalence of calcospherites than non-functioning adenomas.
    • Prolactin and growth hormone may play a role in regulating calcium metabolism, as suggested by normalization of calcium levels post-surgery.
    • The mechanism of calcospherite formation in non-functioning adenomas is likely dystrophic calcification.