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Exploring the Social Determinants of Animal Health
Claire Card1, Tasha Epp2, Michelle Lem3
1Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4.
Journal of Veterinary Medical Education
|October 5, 2018
Summary
Veterinary and medical education must integrate social determinants of health (SDH) and social determinants of animal health (SDAH) for a unified One Health approach. This enhances understanding and improves human, animal, and environmental well-being.
Area of Science:
- One Health and EcoHealth concepts
- Comparative pedagogy in human and veterinary medicine
Background:
- Medical pedagogy incorporates social, political, and economic factors influencing human health (social determinants of health - SDH).
- Veterinary medical pedagogy largely omits these societal influences, despite a shared health gradient between human and animal populations.
- The human health gradient is defined by living conditions and access to resources, shaped by socio-economic and political forces.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the concept of social determinants of animal health (SDAH) as a parallel to SDH.
- To highlight the necessity of integrating SDH and SDAH into veterinary pedagogy for a comprehensive One Health understanding.
Main Methods:
- Conceptual exploration of SDAH.
- Analysis of examples from urban, rural, and remote communities in North America and internationally.
- Comparative analysis of human and veterinary medical pedagogy.
Main Results:
- Veterinary professionals interact with populations across the entire health gradient.
- A parallel framework of SDAH can be conceptualized, mirroring SDH.
- Current veterinary pedagogy lacks sufficient focus on the societal factors impacting animal health.
Conclusions:
- Integrating SDH and SDAH into veterinary education is crucial for advancing the One Health paradigm.
- A common discourse between human and veterinary medicine, facilitated by shared pedagogical concepts, is essential.
- Improved understanding of SDH and SDAH can lead to better outcomes for human, animal, and environmental health.
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