Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 4, 2026

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
23:06

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis

Published on: August 11, 2008

19.6K

HIV-associated pediatric tuberculosis: prevention, diagnosis and treatment

Alexander Kay1,2, Anthony J Garcia-Prats3, Anna Maria Mandalakas1

  • 1The Global TB Program, Texas Children's Hospital and the Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS
|October 5, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of death in children living with HIV (CALWH). New diagnostic tools and treatments are emerging to combat this challenge and improve outcomes for this vulnerable group.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • HIV/AIDS research
  • Tuberculosis epidemiology

Background:

  • HIV and TB epidemics create a devastating synergy, disproportionately affecting children.
  • Children living with HIV (CALWH) face unique challenges in TB prevention and diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current challenges and recent advancements in combating tuberculosis in children living with HIV.
  • To highlight the need for accelerated research and evidence-based strategies for TB prevention, diagnosis, and treatment in CALWH.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent data and research findings on TB in CALWH.
  • Analysis of current diagnostic tools, preventive therapies, and treatment complications.

Main Results:

  • CALWH benefit less from BCG vaccination and often do not receive recommended TB preventive therapy.
  • Diagnostic tool utility is reduced in CALWH, and drug interactions complicate co-treatment.
  • Emerging diagnostic approaches (e.g., stool-based) and improved drug formulations show promise.

Conclusions:

  • TB is the leading cause of mortality among CALWH, necessitating urgent research and intervention.
  • Adopting evidence-based preventive and treatment strategies is crucial to improve outcomes for CALWH.
  • Renewed commitment to TB prevention and control in this vulnerable population is essential.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Humanized NOG Mice for Intravaginal HIV Exposure and Treatment of HIV Infection08:15

Humanized NOG Mice for Intravaginal HIV Exposure and Treatment of HIV Infection

Published on: January 31, 2020

9.2K
Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Human Brucellar Spondylodiscitis06:23

Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment of Human Brucellar Spondylodiscitis

Published on: May 23, 2021

5.4K

Related Concept Videos

Cancer Prevention02:59

Cancer Prevention

Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
Some...
8.1K
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
978
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
1.5K
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
626
Nursing Diagnosis01:22

Nursing Diagnosis

Following assessment, a nursing diagnosis is the next step in the nursing process. It begins after the nurse has collected and recorded the patient data. The purpose of diagnosing is to identify how the client responds to actual or potential health processes, identify factors that bestow or that cause health problems, the etiologies, and identify resources or strengths the individual, group, or community can draw on to prevent or resolve problems.
The nursing diagnosis focuses on evidence-based...
4.1K
Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison01:14

Prevention of Further Absorption of Poison

In cases of acute poisoning, the primary objective is to prevent further absorption of the toxic substance into the body. Immediate interventions using various decontamination techniques targeting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can achieve this. Decontamination is crucial to prevent poison from entering the systemic circulation, which involves washing affected areas with water and mild soap and removing contaminated clothing. Once external decontamination is done, attention must be turned to...
1.3K