Functional movement disorders of the face: A historical review and case series

Functional facial dystonia or spasm has, in recent years, been recognised as a relatively common form of functional movement disorder. We describe historical 'forgotten' neurological literature indicating that this was a well described phenomenon in the late 19th and early 20th century but subsequently faded from awareness. We add data from our own series of 41 patients with functional facial dystonia to explore the clinical features and associated comorbidities of patients with this movement disorder.