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Mobile Game-based Virtual Reality Program for Upper Extremity Stroke Rehabilitation
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Common Etiologies of Upper Extremity Spasticity.
Francisco J Angulo-Parker1, Joshua M Adkinson2
1Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 705 Riley Hospital Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Hand Clinics
|October 6, 2018
Summary
Spasticity, a motor disorder from upper motor neuron syndrome, causes paralysis and disability. This article details the causes, pathophysiology, and clinical findings of spasticity in the upper extremities.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Movement Disorders
Background:
- Spasticity is a common motor disorder associated with upper motor neuron syndrome.
- It often leads to paralysis and significant functional disability.
- Understanding its causes is crucial for effective management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss the pathophysiology of spasticity.
- To outline the clinical findings of spasticity.
- To review common etiologies of upper extremity spasticity.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of common spasticity causes.
- Discussion of pathophysiological mechanisms.
- Analysis of clinical presentations.
Main Results:
- Spasticity is linked to stroke, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and cerebral palsy.
- Each condition presents unique pathophysiological and clinical characteristics.
- Upper extremity spasticity significantly impacts patient function.
Conclusions:
- Spasticity is a complex motor disorder with diverse etiologies.
- Recognizing the specific cause is key to tailoring treatment.
- Further research into pathophysiology can improve patient outcomes.
Keywords:
Cerebral palsyCerebrovascular accidentMotor neuron syndromeSpastic hypertoniaSpasticitySpinal cord injuryStrokeUpper extremityMore Related Videos
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