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Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
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A ballistic graphene superconducting microwave circuit.

Felix E Schmidt1, Mark D Jenkins1, Kenji Watanabe2

  • 1Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, PO Box, 5046, 2600 GA, Delft, The Netherlands.

Nature Communications
|October 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary

We explored the microwave performance of graphene Josephson junctions (JJ), finding they are a viable component for quantum circuits. These graphene JJs show tunable Josephson inductance and measurable microwave losses, essential for quantum applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Computing
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Microwave Engineering

Background:

  • Josephson junctions (JJ) are critical for microwave quantum circuits like qubits and amplifiers.
  • Encapsulated graphene JJs offer long-range supercurrents and potential as novel quantum circuit building blocks.
  • The microwave performance of graphene JJs has remained largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the microwave performance of ballistic graphene Josephson junctions.
  • To demonstrate and quantify gate-tunable Josephson inductance in graphene JJs.
  • To characterize microwave losses and extract sub-gap resistances of graphene JJs at low energy scales.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a microwave circuit incorporating a ballistic graphene JJ within a superconducting cavity.
  • Measurement of the cavity's resonance frequency to observe gate-tunable Josephson inductance.
  • Application of a detailed radio-frequency (RF) model to quantitatively extract inductance and microwave losses.

Main Results:

  • Direct observation of gate-tunable Josephson inductance via shifts in the microwave circuit's resonance frequency.
  • Quantitative extraction of Josephson inductance using an RF model.
  • Measurement of microwave losses, enabling estimation of sub-gap resistances at micro-electronvolt energy scales.

Conclusions:

  • Graphene Josephson junctions exhibit promising microwave performance characteristics.
  • The demonstrated tunable inductance and measurable losses suggest graphene JJs are suitable for quantum circuits.
  • This work establishes graphene JJs as a feasible platform for developing coherent quantum technologies.