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Intersession improvement and outcome in psychotherapy
1Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy
|October 6, 2018
Summary
Sudden gains in psychotherapy predict treatment success. Early improvement is also a strong predictor, suggesting that the definition of sudden gains may need to be broadened to include any significant intersession improvement.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Clinical Psychology
- Psychotherapy Research
Background:
- Sudden gains in psychotherapy are linked to better treatment outcomes.
- The empirical definition of sudden gains and their impact on symptomatic change is not well understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define sudden gains in psychotherapy.
- To investigate the impact of sudden gains on symptomatic change.
- To explore the relationship between sudden gains and treatment outcome.
Main Methods:
- 149 adults in a psychotherapy training clinic completed distress measures.
- Evaluated prediction of outcome, moderating variables, and score instability for sudden gains criteria.
- Analyzed multisession change before and after score shifts.
Main Results:
- Large intersession improvement predicted outcome, irrespective of score stability.
- Early improvement (first five sessions) independently predicted outcome.
- Significant intersession improvement often occurred with local score instability.
Conclusions:
- Sudden gains predict outcome due to inherent improvement.
- Early overall improvement is nearly as effective as sudden gains in predicting outcome.
- Redefining sudden gains to include large intersession improvement, regardless of stability, may be beneficial.
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