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Related Concept Videos

Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
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Types of Reports I: Hands-off Report01:25

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The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
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Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
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Transcription Elongation Factors02:35

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Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
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Development of a Novel Task-oriented Rehabilitation Program using a Bimanual Exoskeleton Robotic Hand
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Hand Factors in Cardiac Development.

Rajani M George1, Anthony B Firulli1

  • 1Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research Department of Pediatrics, Anatomy, Biochemistry, Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.

Anatomical Record (Hoboken, N.J. : 2007)
|October 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hand1 and Hand2 transcription factors are crucial for heart development and function. This review summarizes their roles and identifies key targets, clarifying their mechanism in cardiogenesis.

Keywords:
Hand1Hand2cardiac developmentheartmolecular biology

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Congenital heart defects are a significant cause of infant and in utero mortality.
  • Cardiac development relies on a complex network of transcription factors.
  • Hand1 and Hand2 (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors) are vital for heart formation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on the crucial functions of Hand factors in heart development.
  • To elucidate the transcriptional targets and mechanisms of Hand proteins.
  • To summarize their role in post-natal heart function.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature.
  • Analysis of expression patterns of Hand factors.
  • Functional studies of Hand factors in cardiac development.

Main Results:

  • Hand factors are expressed in key cardiac tissues including neural crest cells, endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium.
  • Their expression patterns indicate critical roles during cardiogenesis.
  • Recent findings are beginning to clarify their transcriptional targets and mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Hand factors play essential roles throughout heart development and in post-natal cardiac function.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand their transcriptional targets and regulatory mechanisms.
  • Clarifying Hand factor function is key to understanding congenital heart defects.