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Prospective bi-directional associations between sedentary time and physical activity with cognitive performance: a
1a Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitative Sciences , University of Tulsa , Tulsa , OK , USA.
Journal of Sports Sciences
|October 6, 2018
Summary
Higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) at age 9 predicted lower cognitive scores at age 15. Increased sedentary time predicted less improvement in verbal analogy skills over time.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Public Health
Background:
- Understanding the long-term relationship between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and cognitive development is crucial for child health.
- Previous research has explored these associations, but longitudinal data examining bidirectional influences across adolescence is less common.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the associations between objective physical activity (PA) and sedentary (SED) time at age 9 and cognitive function at age 15.
- To examine the reverse association: cognitive function at age 9 and PA/SED time at age 15.
- To determine if changes in PA and SED from ages 9 to 15 predict changes in cognitive function over the same period.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study involving objective measurement of physical activity and sedentary time.
- Cognitive performance assessed using a battery of tests including picture vocabulary, verbal analogy, passage comprehension, and applied problem-solving tasks.
- Regression models were employed to analyze the relationships, controlling for relevant covariates.
Main Results:
- Higher moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) at age 9 was associated with lower cognitive scores at age 15.
- Sedentary time at age 9 was not significantly associated with cognitive performance at age 15.
- Cognitive performance at age 9 did not predict subsequent sedentary time or MVPA at age 15.
- Increased sedentary time between ages 9 and 15 predicted poorer improvement in verbal analogy scores.
- Increased MVPA (or smaller decline in MVPA) predicted greater improvement in applied problem-solving scores.
Conclusions:
- The relationship between physical activity and cognitive function in adolescence may be complex and potentially bidirectional.
- While higher MVPA at age 9 predicted lower later cognition, changes in activity levels during adolescence were linked to cognitive improvements.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these observed associations between activity behaviors and cognitive trajectories.
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