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Related Concept Videos

RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

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Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
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RNA Structure01:19

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The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
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RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

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RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
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Bacterial RNA Polymerase00:43

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

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Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
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Probing RNA Structure with Dimethyl Sulfate Mutational Profiling with Sequencing In Vitro and in Cells
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Probing RNA Structure with Dimethyl Sulfate Mutational Profiling with Sequencing In Vitro and in Cells

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SnapShot: RNA Structure Probing Technologies.

Paul D Carlson1, Molly E Evans2, Angela M Yu3

  • 1Robert F. Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca NY; Center for Synthetic Biology, Northwestern University, Evanston IL.

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This summary is machine-generated.

Chemical probing combined with high-throughput sequencing is a versatile method for studying RNA structure and function. This approach utilizes diverse chemical probes to reveal detailed insights into RNA molecules in various biological contexts.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Understanding RNA structure is crucial for elucidating its diverse cellular functions.
  • Chemical probing is a powerful technique for mapping RNA secondary and tertiary structures.
  • High-throughput sequencing enables large-scale analysis of chemical probing data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the utility of chemical probing coupled with high-throughput sequencing for RNA structure analysis.
  • To showcase the flexibility of this approach in studying RNA in various biological settings.
  • To emphasize the broad applicability of chemical probes for investigating RNA structure and interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a diverse array of chemical probes targeting different RNA features.
  • Applying high-throughput sequencing technologies to analyze probing data.
  • Integrating chemical probing with sequencing for in vivo and in vitro RNA structure determination.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the flexibility of chemical probing and sequencing for RNA structure elucidation.
  • Showcased the ability to investigate RNA structure in both cellular and acellular environments.
  • Highlighted the comprehensive insights gained into RNA structural features and molecular interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Chemical probing coupled with high-throughput sequencing provides a robust and adaptable platform for RNA structure research.
  • The availability of various chemical probes expands the scope of structural investigations.
  • This integrated approach is essential for understanding RNA's role in cellular processes.