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Natural regulatory plasma cells.

Simon Fillatreau1

  • 1Institut Necker-Enfants Malades, INSERM U1151-CNRS UMR 8253, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France.

Current Opinion in Immunology
|October 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered a new type of regulatory plasma cell that produces interleukin-10 (IL-10). These non-dividing B cells, identified by LAG-3 expression, offer rapid IL-10 production upon stimulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • B cells differentiate into antibody-secreting cells like short-lived plasmablasts and long-lived plasma cells.
  • The functional diversity of plasma cell subsets remains an active area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize a novel subset of antibody-secreting cells.
  • To investigate the unique properties and functions of these newly identified cells.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of B cell populations.
  • Characterization of cell surface markers, including inhibitory receptors like LAG-3.
  • Epigenomic analysis to understand gene regulation.
  • Assessment of cytokine production, specifically IL-10.

Main Results:

  • Identification of a distinct subset of non-dividing plasma cells.
  • These cells are characterized by the expression of LAG-3, CD200, PD-L1, and PD-L2.
  • They develop independently of gut microbiota and are dependent on B cell receptor signaling.
  • Possess a specialized epigenome enabling rapid IL-10 production within hours of stimulation.

Conclusions:

  • These findings reveal a novel 'natural regulatory plasma cell' subset.
  • This subset plays a specialized role in immune regulation through rapid IL-10 secretion.
  • The discovery expands our understanding of B cell differentiation and plasma cell heterogeneity.