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Emerging Contributions of Cancer/Testis Antigens to Neoplastic Behaviors

Zane A Gibbs1, Angelique W Whitehurst1

  • 1Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.

Trends in Cancer
|October 8, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Cancer/testis (CT) antigens, normally found in gametes, are expressed in tumors. Emerging evidence shows these CT antigens promote cancer growth and immune evasion, offering new therapeutic targets.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Tumors frequently express genes normally restricted to gametogenic cells, producing cancer/testis (CT) antigens.
  • Expression of CT antigens outside their immune-privileged site can trigger an immune response.
  • The role of CT antigens in promoting tumor development has been understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review emerging evidence on the role of CT antigens in tumorigenesis.
  • To explore how CT antigens contribute to cancer progression and immune evasion.
  • To identify potential therapeutic strategies targeting CT antigens.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating CT antigen expression and function in cancer.
  • Analysis of evidence linking CT antigen activity to oncogenic processes.
  • Examination of mechanisms by which CT antigens facilitate immune evasion.

Main Results:

  • CT antigens can provide a selective advantage to tumor cells.
  • These antigens promote oncogenic pathways.
  • CT antigens aid tumor cells in evading the host's immune system.

Conclusions:

  • Aberrantly expressed CT antigens actively contribute to neoplastic behaviors.
  • Tumor cells exploit CT antigens for growth and survival.
  • Understanding CT antigen functions may reveal novel cancer therapeutic entry points.
Keywords:
CT antigen functionCT antigensCT genescancer germline genescancer/testis antigenstumor antigens

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