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Simian virus 40 (SV40)-transgenic mice that develop tumors are specifically tolerant to SV40 T antigen

S J Faas, S Pan, C A Pinkert

    The Journal of Experimental Medicine
    |February 1, 1987
    PubMed

    Insights

    Mice with high tumor rates showed immune tolerance to simian virus 40 (SV40) T antigen, unable to mount a response. Mice with low tumor rates could mount both antibody and cytotoxic T cell responses to SV40 T antigen.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Oncology
    • Virology

    Background:

    • Simian virus 40 (SV40) is a DNA virus with oncogenic potential.
    • SV40 T antigen is a viral oncoprotein crucial for viral replication and cellular transformation.
    • Understanding immune responses to viral oncoproteins is key to cancer research.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the immune response to SV40 T antigen in different transgenic mouse models.
    • To determine if immune tolerance to SV40 T antigen can be induced.
    • To explore the relationship between immune response and tumor development.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized two distinct SV40 transgenic mouse lines with varying tumor incidences.
    • Assessed humoral immune response by measuring antibodies to SV40 T antigen.
    • Evaluated cell-mediated immunity by measuring SV40-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses.

    Main Results:

    • One transgenic line, with high choroid plexus tumor incidence, exhibited functional immune tolerance to SV40 T antigen.
    • Mice in the high-tumor line lacked detectable antibodies and SV40-specific CTLs, despite responding to other antigens.
    • A second transgenic line, with low tumor incidence, demonstrated a humoral response and vigorous CTL response to SV40 T antigen.

    Conclusions:

    • Specific immune tolerance to viral oncoproteins, like SV40 T antigen, can be induced.
    • The timing of viral oncogene product expression during development may influence immune tolerance.
    • Immune tolerance or responsiveness to oncogene products could impact tumorigenesis.

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